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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2024.232</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Analysis of the availability of bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ доступности бронхолитических и противовоспалительных препаратов для пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлова Екатерина Алексеевна – к.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой фармакологии; Scopus Author ID: 58749488800.</p><p>Ул. Бакинская, д. 121, Астрахань 414000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Orlova – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chief of Chair of Pharmacology; Scopus Author ID: 58749488800.</p><p>121 Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eorlova56@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-4092</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Владимир Иванович – д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии, президент; Scopus Author ID: 7402843021.</p><p>Пл. Павших Борцов, д. 1, Волгоград 400066</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Petrov – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Academician of RAS, Chief of Chair of Clinical Pharmacology; Scopus Author ID: 7402843021.</p><p>1 Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd 400066</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-0592</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорфман</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorfman</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дорфман Инна Петровна – к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры клинической фармакологии; Scopus Author ID: 5719476708.</p><p>Ул. Бакинская, д. 121, Астрахань 414000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inna P. Dorfman – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Clinical Pharmacology; Scopus Author ID: 5719476708.</p><p>121 Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаталова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatalova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаталова Ольга Викторовна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и интенсивной терапии; Scopus Author ID: 57188798913.</p><p>Пл. Павших Борцов, д. 1, Волгоград 400066</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Shatalova – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chair of Clinical Pharmacology and Intensive Care; Scopus Author ID: 57188798913.</p><p>1 Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., Volgograd 400066</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8995-6572</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орлов Михаил Александрович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой медицинской реабилитации; Scopus Author ID: 58776364800.</p><p>Ул. Бакинская, д. 121, Астрахань 414000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Orlov – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Medical Rehabilitation; Scopus Author ID: 58776364800.</p><p>121 Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Astrakhan State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Orlova E.A., Petrov V.I., Dorfman I.P., Shatalova O.V., Orlov M.A., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлова Е.А., Петров В.И., Дорфман И.П., Шаталова О.В., Орлов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlova E.A., Petrov V.I., Dorfman I.P., Shatalova O.V., Orlov M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/964">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/964</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The study of drug availability for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents one of the priority tasks in the organization of effective counteraction to COPD in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess drug prices, affordability, and availability for COPD patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The analysis of drug availability for COPD patients was carried out according to the methodology of the World Health Organization and Health Action International (WHO/HAI). Bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory therapy of originator brands and lowestpriced generics was evaluated. The consumption volume of the studied drugs was also analyzed using the ATC/DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification / defined daily dose) pharmacoepidemiologic methodology over a three-year period (from 2020 to 2022), taking into account their share of total DDD (drug utilization analysis, DU90%).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the results of DU90% analysis, the most purchased drugs for bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory therapy for all the years under study were drugs from the groups of short-acting bronchodilators (salbutamol, fenoterol, ipratropium bromide + fenoterol) and inhaled glucocorticoids (budesonide, beclomethasone). The obtained data were confirmed by the results of the physical availability study. Thus, the highest percentage of physical availability was for short-acting inhaled beta-2-agonists (SABA) (salbutamol). Analysis of drug affordability also revealed a tendential superiority of SABA and short-acting anticholinergics over baseline bronchodilators and antiinflammatory drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Low affordability of the main drugs of baseline therapy contributes to the burden of COPD and necessitates improvement of drug supply mechanisms for individuals, especially those with low material income, which in the long term will significantly reduce the costs of the healthcare system for the treatment of these patients by decreasing the severity and frequency of exacerbations.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Исследование доступности лекарственных препаратов (ЛП) для пациентов с хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) представляет собой одну из приоритетных задач в организации эффективного противодействия ХОБЛ в Российской Федерации.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка ценовой, экономической и физической доступности ЛП для больных ХОБЛ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Анализ доступности ЛП для пациентов с ХОБЛ проводили по методике Всемирной организации здравоохранения и Международной неправительственной организации «Программа действий за здоровье и здравоохранение» (англ. Health Action International, HAI). Оценивали бронхолитическую и противовоспалительную терапию оригинальных и воспроизведенных ЛП. Также выполнен анализ объема потребления исследуемых ЛП с использованием фармакоэпидемиологической методологии ATC/DDD (англ. Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification – анатомо-терапевтическо-химическая классификация, defined daily dose – установленная суточная доза) за 3-летний период (с 2020 по 2022 гг.) с учетом их доли в общей структуре DDD (англ. drug utilization 90%, DU90%).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наиболее приобретаемыми ЛП для проведения бронхолитической и противовоспалительной терапии по результатам анализа DU90% за все исследуемые годы были препараты из групп короткодействующих бронхолитиков (сальбутамол, фенотерол, ипратропия бромид + фенотерол) и ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов (будесонид, беклометазон). Полученные данные подтверждены результатами изучения физической доступности. Так, самый высокий процент физической доступности установлен для короткодействующих бета-2-агонистов (КДБА) (сальбутамол). Анализ экономической доступности ЛП также выявил тенденцию превосходства КДБА и короткодействующих антихолинергетиков над препаратами базисной бронхолитической и противовоспалительной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Низкая экономическая доступность основных ЛП базисной терапии способствует увеличению бремени ХОБЛ и диктует необходимость совершенствования механизмов лекарственного обеспечения пациентов, особенно лиц с низким материальным доходом, что в долгосрочной перспективе позволит существенно сократить расходы системы здравоохранения на лечение таких больных за счет снижения тяжести и частоты обострений.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>ценовая доступность препарата</kwd><kwd>экономическая доступность препарата</kwd><kwd>физическая доступность препарата</kwd><kwd>ATC/DDD-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>drug prices</kwd><kwd>drug affordability</kwd><kwd>drug availability</kwd><kwd>ATC/DDD analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adeloye D., Song P., Zhu Y., et al. 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