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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909.2015.8.1.031-038</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-95</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Russian Studies</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Российские исследования</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF HEPATOTROPIC THERAPY IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ГЕПАТОТРОПНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕАЛЬНОЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКИ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Блинов Дмитрий Владиславович – кандидат медицинских наук, ГБОУ ВПО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова. Адрес: Россия, 117997, г. Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1. E-mail: blinov2010@gmail.com.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Blinov Dmitry Vladislavovich – MD, PhD, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU) Address: Ostrovitianov str. 1, 117997, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: blinov2010@gmail.com. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">blinov2010@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимовина</surname><given-names>У. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimovina</surname><given-names>U. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зимовина Ульяна Владимировна – кандидат медицинских наук, Первый Московский Государственный Медицинский Университет им. И.М. Сеченова. Адрес: Россия, 109004, Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, 62, стр. 1. E-mail: nevrologia@mail.ru.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zimovina Juliana Vladimirovna – MD, PhD, FirstMoscowMedicalSechenovUniversity. Address: ul. Zemlyanoy Val, 62, p. 1, 109004, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: nevrologia@mail.ru. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nevrologia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушакова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushakova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушакова Татьяна Игоревна – кандидат биологических наук, координатор научных проектов ОАО «Медицина». Адрес: Россия, Москва, 2-й Тверской-Ямской переулок, дом 10. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ushakova Tat'yana Igorevna – PhD, scientific project coordinator, LLC “Meditsina”. Address: 2nd Tverskaya lane, 10, Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nevrologia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский Государственный Медицинский Университет им. И.М. Сеченова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">First Moscow State Medical Sechenov University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ОАО «Медицина», Москва<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLC “Meditsina”, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Blinov D.V., Zimovina U.V., Ushakova T.I., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Блинов Д.В., Зимовина У.В., Ушакова Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Blinov D.V., Zimovina U.V., Ushakova T.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/95">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/95</self-uri><abstract><p>Chronic liver diseases are a serious problem and a common cause of suffering and death in all countries. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a disease that occurs in the case of the long-term alcohol consumption. ALD may show signs of fatty liver (steatosis), alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Increase in the prevalence of ALD is also related to the increased alcohol consumption inRussia. Viral hepatitis is a global problem leading to disability and death. About 500 million people are infected with hepatitis B or C, one million annually die from liver diseases associated with hepatitis (2.7% of all deaths). The use of essential phospholipids (EPL) as hepatotropic therapy is widespread inRussia. However, the real practice on its use had not been systematically studied. Primary objective was to characterize under conditions of real life, the profile of consecutive outpatients with newly diagnosed or known diagnosis of liver conditions with gastrointestinal symptoms and receiving a treatment with EPL as an adjunctive treatment to standard care. Materials and methods. 2450 patients were included in 98 sites. Non-interventional on therapeutic strategy study consisting of two phases: Phase 1 – a cross-sectional study to assess the profile of patients who are prescribed EPL; Phase 2 (prospective ) – the follow-up study on 20% patients participated in the Phase 1to assess compliance treatment regimen. Study results. Steatosis was the most frequent liver disease (59.7% patients). Hepatic diseases related to obesity was 23.8% patients, hepatic diseases related to diabetes – 336/2450 (13.7%). Chronic viral hepatitis observed in 21.7% cases. Taking into account that 15.8% patients suffered from combined pathology, data describing morbidity structure were the following: isolated hepatic steatosis occurred in 46.7% cases, hepatic diseases related to obesity – in 12.8% and hepatic diseases related to diabetes – at 6.4%, chronic viral hepatitis – at 18.3%. Patients most often complained about feeling of pressure in the right epigastric 74.4%, general weakness and apathy – 1497/2450 (61.1%), abdominal distension – 1438/2450 (58.7%), nausea – 51.9%. Almost a third of patients complained of irritability – 35.8%, headache and muscle pain – 35.4% and lack of appetite – 26.9%. The main non-pharmacologic management measures for liver disease were: diet therapy – 1387/2450 (97.4%), complete refusal of alcohol – 1726/2450 (70.5%), daily exercise of moderate intensity – 1495/2450 (61.0%), complete smoking cessation – 608/2450 (24.8%). Most often prescribed treatment for liver diseases were hepatoprotectors at inclusion visit – 2291/2450 (93.5%), hypotensive – 1201/2450 (49.0%), hypolipidemic – 1060/2450 (43.3%), hypoglycemic – 457/2450 (18.7%) drugs. Lipotropic products administered at 319/2450 (13.0%) cases, detoxifying – in 282/2450 (11.5%), antiviral – in 147/2450 (6.0%) and immunotropic – in 73/2450 (3.0%). </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хронические заболевания печени являются серьезной проблемой. Это одна из основных причин снижения качества жизни и смерти людей во всех странах мира. Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) является основной причиной развития хронических заболеваний печени. Алкогольная болезнь печени (АБП) – заболевание, развивающееся при долговременном систематическом употреблении алкоголя. АБП может проявляться стеатозом, алкогольным гепатитом и циррозом печени. Повышение распространенности АБП в России связано с увеличением употребления алкоголя. Вирусные гепатиты являются глобальной проблемой, приводящей к инвалидизации и смерти. Около 500 млн человек инфицированы гепатитом B или C, ежегодно около 1 млн человек умирают от заболеваний печени, ассоциированных с гепатитами (2,7% всех смертей). Использование эссенциальных фосфолипидов (ЭФЛ) в качестве гепатотропной терапии широко распространено в России. Однако в клинической практике это систематически не изучалось. Основной целью являлась характеристика в условиях повседневной практики профиля амбулаторных пациентов с впервые выявленным или известным диагнозом болезни печени с желудочно-кишечными симптомами, принимающих ЭФЛ как дополнительную терапию к стандартному лечению. Материалы и методы. В исследование было включено 2450 пациентов в 98 центрах. Неинтервенционное исследование состояло из двух фаз: фаза 1 – кроссекционное исследование профиля пациентов, которым назначаются ЭФЛ; фаза 2 (проспективная) – последующее наблюдение 20% пациентов, участвовавших в фазе 1, с целью оценки приверженности схеме лечения. Результаты исследования. Жировая дистрофия печени явилась наиболее частым заболеванием печени у пациентов, которым были назначены ЭФЛ (59,7% пациентов). Ассоциированные с ожирением заболевания печени наблюдались у 23,8% пациентов, ассоциированные с диабетом – у 13,7%. Хронические вирусные гепатиты наблюдались в 21,7% случаев. В структуре заболеваемости у 15,8% пациентов отмечалась сочетанная патология, стеатоз печени отмечался в 46,7% случаев; заболевания печени, связанные с ожирением – в 12,8%; заболевания печени, связанные с диабетом – в 6,4% случаев, хронический вирусный гепатит – в 18,3% случаев. Пациенты наиболее часто жаловались на чувство тяжести в правом подреберье (74,4%), общую слабость и вялость (61,1% пациентов), вздутие живота (58,7%), тошноту (51,9%). Почти треть пациентов жаловались на раздражительность (35,8%), головные и мышечные боли (35,4%), а также потерю аппетита (26,9%). Основными немедикаментозными методами ведения пациентов с заболеваниями печени были следующие: лечебная диета (97,4% пациентов), полный отказ от алкоголя (70,5%), ежедневные тренировки средней интенсивности (61,0%) и полное прекращение курения (24,8%). Наиболее часто назначаемое лечение заболеваний печени на этапе включения пациента в исследование включало гепатопротекторы (93,5%), гипотензивные средства – (49,0%), гиполипидемические средства – (43,3%), гипогликемические средства – (18,7%). Липотропные препараты применяли в 13,0% случаев, детоксицирующие средства – в 11,5%, противовирусные препараты – в 6,0% и иммунотропные препараты – в 3,0% случаев. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезни печени</kwd><kwd>НАЖБП</kwd><kwd>АБП</kwd><kwd>стеатоз</kwd><kwd>фосфатидилхолин</kwd><kwd>эссенциальные фосфолипиды</kwd><kwd>ЭФЛ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver diseases</kwd><kwd>NAFLD</kwd><kwd>ALD</kwd><kwd>steatosis</kwd><kwd>phosphatidylcholine</kwd><kwd>essential phospholipids</kwd><kwd>EPL</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белякова Н.М., Тетова В.Б., Алешкович Т.В. Применение Гепамина у больных, страдающих острыми и хроническими вирусными гепатитами и циррозом печени. Инфекционные Болезни. 2006; 4 (1): 14-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyakova N.M., Tetova V.B., Aleshkovich T.V. 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