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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2022.146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-717</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Economic burden of the novel coronavirus infection: a systematic review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экономическое бремя новой коронавирусной инфекции: систематический обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимирьянова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timiryanova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимирьянова Венера Маратовна – доктор экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник, WoS ResearcherID: N-3449-2015; Scopus Author ID: 57194428883; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 1449-1716.</p><p>Ул. Заки Валиди, д. 32, Уфа 450076, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Venera M. Timiryanova – Dr. Econ. Sc., Senior Researcher. WoS ResearcherID: N-3449-2015; Scopus Author ID: 57194428883; RSCI SPIN-code: 1449-1716.</p><p>32 Zaki Validi Str., Ufa 450076, Republic of Bashkortostan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-9202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лакман</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakman</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лакман Ирина Александровна – кандидат технических наук, заведующая лабораторией исследования социально-экономических проблем регионов ; WoS ResearcherID: K-6878-2017; Scopus Author ID: 57192164952; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 4521-9097.</p><p>Ул. Заки Валиди, д. 32, Уфа 450076, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Lakman – PhD (Tech.), Head of Laboratory for Socio-Economic Problems of the Regions Research, WoS ResearcherID: K-6878-2017; Scopus Author ID: 57192164952; RSCI SPIN-code: 4521-9097.</p><p>32 Zaki Validi Str., Ufa 450076, Republic of Bashkortostan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lackmania@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-6707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загидуллин</surname><given-names>Н. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagidullin</surname><given-names>N. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загидуллин Науфаль Шамилевич – доктор медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней; Scopus Author ID: 6603435096; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 5910-1156.</p><p>Ул. Ленина, д. 3, Уфа 450005, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Naufal Sh. Zagidullin – Dr. Med. Sc., Chief of Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Scopus Author ID: 6603435096; RSCI SPIN-code: 5910-1156.</p><p>3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1874-8661</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гареева</surname><given-names>Д. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gareeva</surname><given-names>D. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гареева Диана Фирдависовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней, WoS ResearcherID: G-3941-2016; Scopus Author ID: 56700303400; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 4542-3725.</p><p>Ул. Ленина, д. 3, Уфа 450005, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana F. Gareeva – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chair of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, WoS ResearcherID: G-3941-2016; Scopus Author ID: 56700303400; RSCI SPIN-code: 4542-3725.</p><p>3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008, Republic of Bashkortostan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Башкирский государственный университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkir State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>363</fpage><lpage>379</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Timiryanova V.M., Lakman I.A., Zagidullin N.S., Gareeva D.F., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимирьянова В.М., Лакман И.А., Загидуллин Н.Ш., Гареева Д.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timiryanova V.M., Lakman I.A., Zagidullin N.S., Gareeva D.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/717">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/717</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The sudden emergence and rapid spread of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused tremendous burden on the health care system including the economic one. In this regard, many questions concerning the prioritization of funding for various restrictive and preventive procedures have arisen; also the introduction of various intervention methods for monitoring and timely treatment of post-COVID consequences became an urgent problem. These challenges actualized the development of pharmacoeconomic methods that improve the quality of decisions making in such extreme conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to systematize available studies on the assessment of the global economic burden of the novel coronavirus infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A feature of the proposed review design was the highlighting of the observed shortcomings and areas in which scientists make additions to the assessment methods taking into account the chronology of the pandemic determining changes in the information field. Therefore, an analysis was made of 80 studies published in 2020–2022 and dedicated to the assessment and forecast of the global economic burden of COVID-19. The main inclusion criteria for the studies was the estimation of COVID-19 global burden. The search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and eLibrary databases. Using a predefined data collection form, two reviewers independently extracted information characterizing the studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An analysis of the publications showed a fairly wide variety of studies in the field of the COVID-19 burden, including those determined by the difference in observation objects, analysis methods, factors taken into account, etc. Scientists actively use international (73.8%) and national (90%) databases, and surveys (57.5%). Predominantly, the estimates involve the calculation of quality-adjusted life years lost (QALY) (66.3%), 37.6% of the studies are based on the results of constructing scenario models, 28.8% consume algorithms of epidemiological SIR (susceptible, infected, or recovered) models, and 66.3% provide for cost assessment. As part of the estimated economic burden, the loss of productivity (26.3% of publications), the introduction of vaccination (32.5%), comorbidity (25%), post-COVID complications (17.5%) are considered.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A significant interest of the world scientific community in assessing the COVID-19 global burden is observed, determined by the search for the most effective study methods. Further investigations in this area should focus on detailing within the estimated economic burden of losses associated with post-COVID-19 complications, including their various combinations, as well as on the analysis of the correlation and mutual compensation of effects from various types of treatment, with a deeper study of indirect losses. The results of this work will be also useful in conducting similar studies, including for determining their design and applying modern mathematical modeling tools.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Внезапное появление и быстрое распространение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) повлекли большую, в т.ч. экономическую, нагрузку на систему здравоохранения. В связи с этим возникло много вопросов, касающихся приоритизации финансирования ограничительных и профилактических мероприятий, введения различных методов отслеживания и своевременного лечения постковидных состояний. Это актуализировало развитие фармакоэкономических подходов, позволяющих повысить качество принимаемых решений в таких экстремальных условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: систематизация опубликованных исследований, посвященных оценке глобального экономического бремени новой коронавирусной инфекции, и выявление направлений их развития.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Особенностью предложенного дизайна обзора является выделение отмечаемых недостатков и направлений, в которых ученые вносят дополнения в методы оценки с учетом хронологии пандемии, определяющей изменения в информационном поле. Проведен анализ 80 работ, опубликованных в 2020–2022 гг. и посвященных оценке и прогнозу глобального экономического бремени COVID-19. Основным критерием отбора исследований было наличие оценки глобального бремени новой коронавирусной инфекции. Поиск осуществляли по базам PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus и eLibrary. Используя заранее заданную форму сбора данных, два соисследователя независимо друг от друга извлекли информацию, характеризующую публикации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ работ показал достаточно широкое разнообразие исследований в области бремени новой коронавирусной инфекции, в т.ч. определяемое различием объектов наблюдения, методов анализа, учитываемых факторов и т.д. Учеными активно используются международные (73,8%) и национальные (90%) базы данных, а также опросы (57,5%). Преимущественно оценки предполагают расчет потерянных лет жизни с поправкой на качество (англ. quality-adjusted life years, QALY) (66,3%), 37,6% работ опираются на результаты построения различных вариантов сценарных моделей, 28,8% используют алгоритмы эпидемиологических моделей семейства SIR (англ. susceptible, infected, or recovered), 66,3% предусматривают стоимостную оценку затрат. В рамках анализа экономического бремени рассматриваются потеря производительности (26,3% публикаций), внедрение вакцинации (32,5%), коморбидность (25%), постковидные осложнения (17,5%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наблюдается значительный интерес мирового научного сообщества к оценке глобального бремени COVID-19, определяемый поиском наиболее эффективных методов вмешательства. Дальнейшие исследования в этой области следует сосредоточить на детализации в рамках оцениваемого экономического бремени потерь, связанных с постковидными осложнениями, включая различные их комбинации, а также на анализе соотношения и взаимокомпенсации эффектов от различных видов вмешательств с более глубокой проработкой косвенных потерь. Результаты данной работы будут полезны в проведении подобных исследований, в т.ч. для определения их дизайна и применения современных инструментов математического моделирования.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новая коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>экономическое бремя болезни</kwd><kwd>год жизни с поправкой на качество</kwd><kwd>год жизни с поправкой на инвалидность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>novel coronаvirus infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>economic burden of disease</kwd><kwd>quality-adjusted life year</kwd><kwd>disability-adjusted life year</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Обзор выполнен при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-18-20123 «Методика оценки глобального экономического бремени болезни с учетом отдаленных последствий для здоровья и качества жизни населения (на примере новой коронавирусной инфекции)»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The review was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 22-18-20123 “Methodology for estimating the global economic burden of disease with respect to long-term health and quality of life impacts (using COVID-19 as an example)”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. 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