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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.076</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-445</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Evaluation of the economic effect of biological therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 and cytokine storm</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка экономического эффекта применения биологической терапии у пациентов с тяжелым течением COVID-19 и развитием цитокинового шторма</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0389-560X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фролов Максим Юрьевич - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры фармакологии и фармации ИНМФО ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ МР; зав. лабораторией информатизации и цифровизации здравоохранения ГБУ Волгоградский МНЦ, Scopus Author ID: 35193977700; WoS Researcher ID: F-8355-2015; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 7585-1728.</p><p>Пл. Павших Борцов, д. 1, Волгоград 400131</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim Yu. Frolov - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Volgograd SMU; Head of the Laboratory of informatization and digitalization of healthcare Volgograd MRC. Scopus Author ID: 35193977700; WoS Researcher ID: F-8355-2015; RSCI SPIN-code: 7585-1728.</p><p>1 pl. Pavshikh Bortsov, Volgograd 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-9165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саласюк</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salasyuk</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саласюк Алла Сергеевна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней ИНМФО ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ МР, РИНЦ SPIN-код: 2651-2916.</p><p>Пл. Павших Борцов, д. 1, Волгоград 400131</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla S. Salasyuk - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, RSCI SPIN-code: 2651-2916.</p><p>1 pl. Pavshikh Bortsov, Volgograd 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salasyukas@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2164-2323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогов</surname><given-names>В. А</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогов Владимир Александрович - кандидат физических наук., старший преподаватель кафедры управления и экономики фармации, медицинского и фармацевтического товароведенья ИНМФО ФГБОУ ВО ВолгГМУ МР; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории информатизации и цифровизации здравоохранения ГБУ Волгоградский МНЦ.</p><p>Пл. Павших Борцов, д. 1, Волгоград 400131</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Rogov - PhD (pharmaceutical sciences) Assistant of Professor of the Department of Management and Economics of Pharmacy, Medical and Pharmaceutical Merchandising Volgograd SMU; Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of informatization and digitalization of healthcare Volgograd MRC.</p><p>1 pl. Pavshikh Bortsov, Volgograd 400131</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение Волгоградский медицинский научный центр<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Volgograd Medical Scientific Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>377</fpage><lpage>387</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Frolov M.Y., Salasyuk A.S., Rogov V.A., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролов М.Ю., Саласюк А.С., Рогов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolov M.Y., Salasyuk A.S., Rogov V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/445">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/445</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The study aimed to assess the economic effect of biological therapy with anti-interleukin (IL)-6 drugs: tocilizumab, olokizumab, and levilimab in patients with severe COVID-19 and cytokine storm.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. An assessment of the economic consequences of severe COVID-19 therapy was carried out using the cost of illness analysis in a model developed in Microsoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft, USA). The direct medical costs of providing care for COVID-19 were taken into account (ICU service, the cost of biological therapy, and the use of glucocorticosteroids (GC)). Data from a prospective, historical controlled CHIC study conducted in the Netherlands were used as a source of efficacy. A mathematical model has been developed for extrapolating the CHIC study results to clinical outcomes (transfer to mechanical ventilation, discharge from ICU, lethal outcome) and forecasting the costs of managing severe patients with COVID-19 in real clinical practice in the Russian Federation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The reduction in the cost of therapy when the hypothesis of equal efficacy of tocilizumab, olokizumab, and levilimab is accepted by reducing the cost of drug therapy will be 1,251,698.99 rubles per 72 patients when comparing olokizumab with tocilizumab and 939,718.84 rubles per 72 patients when comparing olokizumab with levilimab.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Anti-interleukin (IL)-6 drugs in combination with GC are an effective treatment option for moderate to severe patients with COVID-19 and cytokine storm symptoms. This group of drugs is indicated as the main one for the treatment of this condition.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка экономического эффекта применения биологической терапии препаратами, воздействующими на систему ИЛ-6: тоцилизумабом, олокизумабом и левилимабом у пациентов с тяжелым течением COVID-19 и развитием цитокинового шторма (ЦШ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Оценка экономических последствий терапии COVID-19 тяжелого течения с развитием цитокинового шторма проведена с использованием анализа «стоимость болезни» в модели, разработанной в программе Microsoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft, США). Учитывались прямые медицинские затраты на оказание помощи при COVID-19 (нахождение пациента в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ), стоимость биологической терапии и применения глюкокортикостероидов (ГК)). В качестве источника эффективности использовали данные проспективного исследования с историческим контролем CHIC study, проведенного в Нидерландах. Разработана математическая модель экстраполяции результатов CHIC study на клинические исходы (перевод на ИВЛ, выписка из ОРИТ, летальный исход) и прогнозирования затрат на ведение тяжелых пациентов с COVID-19 в условиях реальной клинической практики в РФ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сокращение затрат системы здравоохранения при принятии гипотезы о равной эффективности тоцилизумаба, олокизумаба и левилимаба за счет сокращения затрат на лекарственную терапию составит 1 251 698,99 руб. на 72 пациента при сравнении олокизумаба с тоцилизумабом и 939 718,84 руб. на 72 пациента при сравнении олокизумаба с левилимабом.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Препараты, воздействующие на систему ИЛ-6, в сочетании с ГК являются эффективной опцией терапии среднетяжелых и тяжелых пациентов с COVID-19 и признаками ЦШ. Эта группа препаратов указывается как основная для лечения данного состояния.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>цитокиновый шторм</kwd><kwd>стоимость болезни</kwd><kwd>олокизумаб</kwd><kwd>тоцилизумаб</kwd><kwd>левилимаб</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>cytokine storm</kwd><kwd>cost of disease</kwd><kwd>olokizumab</kwd><kwd>tocilizumab</kwd><kwd>levilimab</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при поддержке АО «Р-Фарм»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was financed by “R-Pharm”, JSC</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andersen K. G. et al. The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. 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