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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.040</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзорная публикация</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Affordability of in vivo gene therapy. Problems and potential solutions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Доступность генной терапии in vivo проблемы и решения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1581-0703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омельяновский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omelyanovskiy</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, генеральный директор, руководитель Центра финансов здравоохранения </p><p>Researcher ID: P-6911-2018; Scopus Author ID: 6507287753 </p><p>Хохловский пер., вл. 10, стр. 5, Москва 109028, Россия</p><p>Настасьинский пер., д. 3, стр. 2, Москва 127006, Россия</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, Москва 125993, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, General Director, Head of the Center for Healthcare Funding</p><p>Researcher ID: P-6911-2018; Scopus Author ID: 6507287753  </p><p>10-5 Khokhlovsky per., Moscow 109028, Russia</p><p>3-2 Nastasyinsky per., Moscow 127006, Russia</p><p>2-1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow 123995, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6914-6222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусина</surname><given-names>Н. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musina</surname><given-names>N. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.фарм. н., доцент кафедры управления; заведующая научно-исследовательской Лабораторией оценки технологий в здравоохранении; начальник отдела развития и внешних коммуникаций </p><p>Researcher ID: C-8075-2018 </p><p>Хохловский пер., вл. 10, стр. 5, Москва 109028, Россия</p><p>ул. Профессора Попова, д. 14, лит. А, Санкт-Петербург 197376, Россия</p><p>просп. Вернадского, д. 82, Москва 119571, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Pharmaceutical Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of management; Head of the HTA Research Laboratory of the Institute for Applied Economic Research; Head of Development </p><p>Researcher ID: C-8075-2018  </p><p>10-5 Khokhlovsky per., Moscow 109028, Russia</p><p>14 let. A Prof. Popov str., Saint Petersburg 197376, Russian Federation</p><p>82 Vernadskogo pr., Moscow 119571, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7452-6940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лемешко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lemeshko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заместитель начальника отдела методологического обеспечения проведения комплексной оценки технологий в здравоохранении; лаборант-исследователь Центра финансов здравоохранения; аспирант кафедры фармакологии </p><p>Хохловский пер., вл. 10, стр. 5, Москва 109028, Россия</p><p>Настасьинский пер., д. 3, стр. 2, Москва 127006, Россия</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Head of the Department of Methodological Support of Comprehensive Health Technology Assessment; Research assistant at the Center for Healthcare Funding; Post-graduate student at the Department of Pharmacology, Educational Department </p><p>Researcher ID: AAD-8959-2019  </p><p>10-5 Khokhlovsky per., Moscow 109028, Russia</p><p>3-2 Nastasyinsky per., Moscow 127006, Russia</p><p>8-2 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lera.lemeschko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-4545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий специалист отдела методического обеспечения комплексной оценки технологий в здравоохранении </p><p>Хохловский пер., вл. 10, стр. 5, Москва 109028, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lead Specialist, Department of Methodological Support for Comprehensive HTA</p><p>10-5 Khokhlovsky per., Moscow 109028, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-2451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горкавенко</surname><given-names>Ф. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorkavenko</surname><given-names>F. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный специалист отдела методологического обеспечения проведения комплексной оценки </p><p>Researcher ID: A-8805-2017 </p><p>Хохловский пер., вл. 10, стр. 5, Москва 109028, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief Specialist, Department of Methodological Support for Comprehensive HTA</p><p>Researcher ID: A-8805-2017</p><p>10-5 Khokhlovsky per., Moscow 109028, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт» Министерства финансов Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University;&#13;
Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт» Министерства финансов Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения РФ (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Financial Research Institute of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation;&#13;
Institute of Pharmacy and Translational Medicine, Sechenov University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Центр экспертизы и контроля качества медицинской помощи» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for Healthcare Quality Assessment and Control of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>170</fpage><lpage>182</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Omelyanovskiy V.V., Musina N.Z., Lemeshko V.A., Antonov A.A., Gorkavenko F.V., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омельяновский В.В., Мусина Н.З., Лемешко В.А., Антонов А.А., Горкавенко Ф.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omelyanovskiy V.V., Musina N.Z., Lemeshko V.A., Antonov A.A., Gorkavenko F.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/389">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/389</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To review foreign approaches to the evaluation and financing of in vivo gene therapy drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The first stage of the review included the systematic search for publications of clinical-economic studies (CES) on in vivo gene therapy drugs registered on the international pharmaceutical market. The analysis of the methodology used in the found CESs was performed based on the given criteria. The second and third stages of the review included the search for the information on the approaches and results of the evaluation of in vivo gene therapy drugs by foreign agencies on the assessment of healthcare technologies (AHT) and the implemented approaches to the financing of expensive medical technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Totally, four in vivo gene therapy drugs registered on the foreign markets were found: talimogene laherparepvec (Imlygic), voretigene neparvovec (Luxturna), onasemnogene abeparvovec (Zolgensma), and alipogene tiparvove (Glybera). The analysis of the methodology of CES on in vivo gene therapy drugs did not reveal general methodological peculiarities. The analysis of the approaches to the reimbursement for the cost of these four drugs in the European countries showed that there were no special procedures intended for gene drugs. However, in the majority of countries, there are some mechanisms of reimbursement for orphan drugs and the majority of the above-mentioned in vivo gene therapy drugs are orphan. It was revealed that the most perspective methods of payment for in vivo gene therapy drugs were installment payments, risk-sharing agreements, and their combinations. Still, none of these payment methods are implemented in Russia because of the lack of regulatory and legal framework.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The design and methodological peculiarities of CES on in vivo gene therapy drugs are similar to orphan drugs (in some countries, there is a special flexible procedure). In the Russian Federation, there is no special procedure of ATH for orphan drugs, which can provide difficulties in the reimbursement for these drugs. Besides, in the Russian Federation, the issue of the implementation of innovative models for drugs provision (risk-sharing, installment payments is acute). The changes in this area would also lead to the optimization of the influence of expensive healthcare technologies on the budget of the system of healthcare.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проведение обзора зарубежных подходов к оценке и финансированию препаратов генной терапии in vivo.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На первом этапе выполнен систематический поиск публикаций клинико-экономических исследований (КЭИ)препаратов генной терапии in vivo, зарегистрированных в настоящее время на международном рынке, а также на основании установленных критериев проведен анализ методологии выполнения найденных КЭИ. На втором и третьем этапах был проведен поиск информации о подходах и результатах оценки препаратов генной терапии in vivo зарубежными агентствами по оценке технологий здравоохранения (ОТЗ), а также об используемых зарубежными странами подходах к финансированию дорогостоящих медицинских технологий.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Всего было выявлено четыре препарата генной терапии in vivo, к настоящему времени получивших доступ на рынки зарубежных стран: талимоген лагерпарепвек (Имлиджик), воретиген непарвовек (Лукстурна), онасемноген абепарвовек (Золгенсма) и алипогентипарвовек (Глибера). Анализ методологии проведения КЭИ генных препаратов in vivo не выявил общих методологических особенностей.Анализ способов принятия решений о возмещении стоимости препаратов в четырех европейских странах показал, что специальные процедуры, предназначенные для генных препаратов, отсутствуют, однако в большинстве стран есть механизмы принятия решений о возмещении орфанных препаратов, при этом большинство из вышеуказанных генных препаратов in vivo являются орфанными. Выявлено тринаиболее перспективных способа оплаты генной терапии in vivo: рассрочка платежа, соглашение о разделении рисков и их комбинация.Однако в настоящее время в России ни один из данных инструментов не применяется ввиду отсутствия нормативно-правовой базы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Дизайн и методологические особенности КЭИ ЛП генной терапии in vivo сходны с таковыми для орфанных ЛП (в некоторых странах – отдельная, более гибкая процедура). В РФ в настоящее время отсутствует отдельная процедура ОТЗ для орфанныхЛП, что может внести трудности в процесс принятия решений об их возмещении. Кроме того, актуальным для РФ является вопросвнедрения инновационных моделей лекарственного обеспечения (риск-шеринг, рассрочка платежей), что также могло бы оптимизировать влияние дорогостоящих технологий на бюджет системы здравоохранения. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Генная терапия in vivo</kwd><kwd>талимоген лагерпарепвек</kwd><kwd>воретиген непарвовек</kwd><kwd>онасемноген абепарвовек</kwd><kwd>алипоген типарвовек</kwd><kwd>клинико-экономическое исследование</kwd><kwd>возмещение стоимости препарата</kwd><kwd>методы оплаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>In vivo gene therapy</kwd><kwd>review</kwd><kwd>foreign practice</kwd><kwd>cost-effectiveness analysis</kwd><kwd>drug reimbursement</kwd><kwd>payment methods</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Примечание издательства ИРБИС IRBIS LLC publisher’s note Статья опубликована при финансовой поддержке ООО «Новартис Фарма» Издательства в соответствии с внутренними политиками ООО «Новартис Фарма» и действующим законодательством РФ. Мнение ООО «Новартис Фарма» может отличаться от мнения авторов. The present article was published with the financial support from Novartis Pharma, LLC to the Publisher according to the in-house policy of Novartis Pharma and the applicable legislation of the Russian Federation. The opinions expressed in the article are those of the author and do not purport to reflect the official position or views of Novartis Pharma, LLC</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">REGULATION (EC) No 1394/2007. On advanced therapy medicinal products and amending Directive 2001/83/EC and Regulation (EC) No 726/2004. Official Journal of the European Union. 2007; 121–137.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">REGULATION (EC) No 1394/2007. On advanced therapy medicinal products and amending Directive 2001/83/EC and Regulation (EC) No 726/2004. 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