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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.021</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-387</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Analysis of 19.9 million publications from the PubMed/MEDLINE database using artificial intelligence methods: approaches to the generalizations of accumulated data and the phenomenon of “fake news</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ 19,9 млн публикаций базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE методами искусственного интеллекта: подходы к обобщению накопленных данных и феномен “fake news”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-7998</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торшин</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torshin</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф-м.н., к.х.н., с.н.с., Институт фармакоинформатики</p><p> Scopus Author ID: 7003300274; Author ID: 54104; </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: C-7683-2018; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 1375-1114 </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119333, Россия</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва 119991, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Senior Researcher; Big Data Storage and Analysis Center</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003300274; Author ID: 54104; </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: C-7683-2018; RSCI SPIN-code: 1375-1114 44-2 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119333, Russia</p><p>1 Leninskie gory, Moscow 119991, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-710X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, в.н.с., научный руководитель Института фармакоинформатики; в.н.с. </p><p> Author ID: 94901; Scopus Author ID: 7003589812; </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: J-4946-2017. РИНЦ SPIN-код: 6317-9833 </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119333, Россия</p><p>Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва 119991, Россия </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Senior Researcher, Scientific Director; Leading Researcher, Center for Big Data Analysis</p><p>Author ID: 94901; Scopus Author ID: 7003589812; </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: J-4946-2017. RSCI SPIN-code: 6317-9833 44-2 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119333, Russia</p><p>1 Leninskie gory, Moscow 119991, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаховская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stakhovskaya</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор </p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 10, Москва 117342, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, director</p><p> ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6325-923 1-10 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997, Russia</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-0202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ванчакова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vanchakova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, психиатр</p><p>пр. Культуры, д. 4, Санкт-Петербург 194291, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med (medical psychology and psychiatry), Professor, Psychiatrist</p><p>(4 pr. Kultury, St. Petersburg, 194291, Russia  </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-632X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галустян</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galustyan</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, зав. кафедрой фармакологии с курсом клинической фармакологии и фармакоэкономики </p><p>ул. Литовская, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург 194100, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology </p><p>2 Litovskaya Str., St. Petersburg 194100, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобалава</surname><given-names>Ж. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobalava</surname><given-names>Zh. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики; заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней, кардиологии и клинической фармакологии ФПК МР МИ ФГАОУ РУДН</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 10/3, Москва 117198, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology</p><p>10/3 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow 117198, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-1188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой фармакологии </p><p>Aurhor ID: 113019 </p><p>Шереметевский проспект, д. 8, г. Иваново 153012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Нead of the Department of pharmacology</p><p>Aurhor ID: 113019 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7507-191X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер-исследователь </p><p>AuthorID: 15082; Scopus Author ID: 7102053964; </p><p>WoS ResearcherID: C-7476-2018; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 8034-7910 </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119333, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research engineer</p><p> AuthorID: 15082; Scopus Author ID: 7102053964; </p><p> WoS ResearcherID: C-7476-2018; RSCI SPIN-code: 8034-7910</p><p>44-2 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119333, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3261-7366</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иловайская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilovaiskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-эндокринолог высшей категории, д.м.н., доцент, старший научный сотрудник отделения терапевтической эндокринологии</p><p>ResearcherID: I-1159-2014; Scopus Author ID: 6506067338 </p><p>ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2, Москва 129110, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, endocrinologist of the highest category, associate professor, senior researcher at the Department of Therapeutic Endocrinology</p><p>ResearcherID: I-1159-2014; Scopus Author ID: 6506067338  </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коденцова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kodentsova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, г.н.с., лаборатория витаминов и микроэлементов </p><p>Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14, Москва 109240, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr Sci Biol, Professor, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Vitamins and Microelements</p><p>14 Ustinsky proezd, Moscow 109240, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6144-5781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калачева</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalacheva</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры фармакологии </p><p>Шереметевский проспект, д. 8, г. Иваново 153012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology</p><p>8 Sheremetevsky prospekt, Ivanovo 153012, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-3036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лиманова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Limanova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры фармакологии </p><p>Шереметевский проспект, д. 8, г. Иваново 153012, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-1071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры диетологии и нутрициологии, гастроэнтеролог </p><p>Баррикадная ул., д. 2/1, стр. 1, Москва 125993, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, gastroenterologist, Professor of the Department of Dietetics and Nutritionology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-0824</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малявская</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyavskaya</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, проректор по научной работе </p><p>eLIBRARY ID: 6257-4400 </p><p>Троицкий проспект, д. 51, г. Архангельск 163000, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Head of Sciences</p><p>eLIBRARY ID: 6257-4400 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозговая</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozgovaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., доцент, руководитель акушерского отдела с перинатологией; профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии медицинского факультета </p><p> WoS ResearcherID: L-1432-2017; Author ID Scopus: 24822403200; Author ID: 386830 </p><p>Менделеевская линия, д. 3, Санкт-Петербург 199034,Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Associate Professor, Head of the Obstetric Department with Perinatology; Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Faculty of Medicine</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: L-1432-2017; Author ID Scopus: 24822403200; Author ID: 386830 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5309-0087</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тапильская</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tapilskaya</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий</p><p>Author ID Scopus: 23013489000; WoS ResearcherID: A-7504-2016; </p><p>ID map of science: 00052162; РИНЦ SPIN-код: 3605-0413 </p><p>ул. Литовская, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург 194100, Россия</p><p>Менделеевская линия, д. 3, Санкт-Петербург 199034,Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Leading Researcher of the Department of Assisted Reproductive Technologies</p><p>Author ID Scopus: 23013489000; WoS ResearcherID: A-7504-2016;</p><p>ID map of science: 00052162; RSCI SPIN-code: 3605-0413</p><p>2 Litovskaya Str., St. Petersburg 194100, Russia</p><p>3 Mendeleev Line, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-14"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудаков</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudakov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>акад. РАН, зам. директора, зав. кафедрой интеллектуальные системы МФТИ</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603540895 </p><p>ул. Вавилова, д. 44, корп. 2, Москва 119333, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientifik Director, head of Department of Intellectual Systems MIPT. </p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603540895 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор </p><p>ул. Ворошилова, д. 22а, г. Кемерово 650056, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor</p><p>22a Voroshilova Str., Kemerovo 650056, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-15"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» РАН (ФИЦ ИУ РАН);&#13;
Центр хранения и анализа больших данных, Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Федеральный центр цереброваскулярной патологии и инсульта» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Center for Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Центр психосоматической медицины при клинической больнице № 122 им. Л. Г. Соколова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Center for Psychosomatic Medicine at the Clinical Hospital No. 122 named after L. G. Sokolov<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов» (Медицинский институт)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования&#13;
«Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ivanovo State Medical Academy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» РАН (ФИЦ ИУ РАН)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Московской области «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Moscow Area Moscows regional research clinical institute n.a. M. F. Vladimirskiy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ivanovo State Medical Academy<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства  здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education “Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-12"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Северный государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-13"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д. О. Отта»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D. O. Ott;&#13;
Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-14"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения  Российской Федерации;&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии имени Д. О. Отта»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University;&#13;
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D. O. Ott<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-15"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский  государственный медицинский университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Stakhovskaya L.V., Vanchakova N.P., Galustyan A.N., Kobalava Z.D., Grishina T.R., Gromov A.N., Ilovaiskaya I.A., Kodentsova V.M., Kalacheva A.G., Limanova O.A., Maksimov V.A., Malyavskaya S.I., Mozgovaya E.V., Tapilskaya N.I., Rudakov K.V., Semenov V.A., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торшин И.Ю., Громова О.А., Стаховская Л.В., Ванчакова Н.П., Галустян А.Н., Кобалава Ж.Д., Гришина Т.Р., Громов А.Н., Иловайская И.А., Коденцова В.М., Калачева А.Г., Лиманова О.А., Максимов В.А., Малявская С.И., Мозговая Е.В., Тапильская Н.И., Рудаков К.В., Семенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Stakhovskaya L.V., Vanchakova N.P., Galustyan A.N., Kobalava Z.D., Grishina T.R., Gromov A.N., Ilovaiskaya I.A., Kodentsova V.M., Kalacheva A.G., Limanova O.A., Maksimov V.A., Malyavskaya S.I., Mozgovaya E.V., Tapilskaya N.I., Rudakov K.V., Semenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/387">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/387</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The English-language databases PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase are valuable information resources for finding original publications in basic and clinical medicine. Currently, there are no artificial intelligence systems to evaluate the quality of these publications.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Development and testing of a system for sentiment analysis (i.e. analysis of emotional modality) of biomedical publications.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The technique of analysis of the “Big data” of biomedical publications was formulated on the basis of the topological theory of sentiment analysis. Algorithms have been developed that allow for the classification of texts from 16 sentiment classes with 90% accuracy (manipulative speech, research without positive results, propaganda, falsification of results, negative personal attitude, aggressive text, negative emotional background, etc.). Based on the algorithms, a scale for assessing the sentiment quality of research (β-score) is proposed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Abstracts of 19.9 million publications registered in PubMed/MEDLINE over the past 50 years (1970–2019) were analyzed. It was shown that publications with low sentiment quality (the value of the β-score of the text is less than zero, which corresponds to the prevalence of manipulative and negative sentiments in the text) comprise only 18.5% (3.68 out of 19.9 million). The greatest values of the β-score were characterized by publications on sports medicine, systems biology, nutrition, on the use of applied mathematics and data mining in medicine. The rubrication of the entire array of publications by 27,840 headings (MESH-system of PubMed/MEDLINE) indicated an increase in the β-score by years (i.e., the positive dynamics of sentiment quality of the texts of publications) for 27,090 of the studied headings. The most intense positive dynamics was found for research in genetics, physiology, pharmacology, and gerontology. 249 headings with sharply negative dynamics of sentiment quality and with a pronounced increase in the manipulative sentiments characteristic of the tabloid press were highlighted. Separate assessments of international experts are presented that confirm the patterns identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The proposed artificial intelligence system allows a researcher to make an effective assessment of the sentiment quality of biomedical research papers, filtering out potentially inappropriate publications disguised as “evidence-based”.  </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Англоязычные базы данных PubMed/MEDLINE и Embase являются ценными информационными ресурсами для нахождения оригинальных публикаций по фундаментальной и клинической медицине. В настоящее время не существует систем искусственного интеллекта, позволяющих оценивать качество этих публикаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Разработка и апробация системы для проведения сентимент-анализа (то есть анализа эмоциональной модальности) публикаций по биомедицине.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Сформулирована методика анализа «больших данных» биомедицинских публикаций, основанная на топологической теории сентимент-анализа медицинских текстов. Разработаны алгоритмы, позволяющие с 90%-й точностью классифицировать тексты по 16 классам сентиментов (манипулятивные обороты речи, исследования без положительных результатов, пропаганда, подделка результатов, негативное личное отношение, агрессивность текста, негативный эмоциональный фон и др.). На основе алгоритмов предложена балльная шкала оценки сентимент-качества исследований (β-балл).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Проведен анализ текстов абстрактов 19,9 млн публикаций, зарегистрированных в PubMed/MEDLINE за последние 50 лет (1970–2019). Показано, что публикации с низким сентимент-качеством (значение β-балла текста меньше нуля, что соответствует преобладанию манипулятивных и негативных сентиментов в тексте) составляют всего 18,5% (3,68 из 19,9 млн).  Наибольшими значениями β-балла характеризовались публикации по спортивной медицине,  системной биологии, нутрициологии, по использованию методов прикладной математики и интеллектуального анализа данных в медицине. Рубрикация всего массива публикаций по 27840 рубрикам (MESH-система PubMed/MEDLINE) указала на повышение β-балла по годам (то есть на положительную динамику сентимент-качества текстов публикаций) для 27090 исследованных рубрик. Наиболее интенсивная положительная динамика найдена для исследований по генетике, физиологии, фармакологии и геронтологии. Выделены 249 рубрик с резко отрицательной  динамикой сентимент-качества и с выраженным нарастанием манипулятивных сентиментов,  характерных для «желтой» англоязычной прессы. Приведены отдельные оценки международных экспертов, которые подтверждают выявленные закономерности. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Разработанная система искусственного интеллекта позволяет проводить  эффективную оценку сентимент-качества биомедицинских исследований, отфильтровывая  потенциально неадекватные публикации, публикуемые под маской «доказательных».  </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Анализ больших данных</kwd><kwd>фармакоинформатика</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>доказательная медицина</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>алгоритмы оценки качества публикаций</kwd><kwd>тематическое моделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Big data analysis</kwd><kwd>pharmacoinformatics</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>evidence-based medicine</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>publication quality assessment algorithms</kwd><kwd>thematic modeling</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при поддержке грантов РФФИ 19-07-00356 17-07-00935 17-07-01419 18-07-01022 18-07-00944 18-07-00929 16-07-01133</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research 19-07-00356 17-07-00935 17-07-01419 18-07-01022 18-07- 00944 18-07-00929 16-07-01133.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Canese K., Weis S. 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