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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909.2019.12.3.191-199</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-300</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comorbidity in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation affects the “cost of illness”</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние полиморбидности у пожилых больных с фибрилляцией предсердий на «стоимость болезни»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальчикова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malchikova </surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Department of hospital therapy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malchikova@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимчук-Колобова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimchuk-Kolobova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>– к.м.н., ассистент кафедры поликлинической терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant of the Department of polyclinic therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казаковцева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakovtseva </surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>associate Professor of the Department of hospital therapy</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кировский Государственный Медицинский Университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kirov State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>191</fpage><lpage>199</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Malchikova  S.V., Maksimchuk-Kolobova N.S., Kazakovtseva  M.V., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мальчикова С.В., Максимчук-Колобова Н.С., Казаковцева М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malchikova  S.V., Maksimchuk-Kolobova N.S., Kazakovtseva  M.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/300">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/300</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to analyze whether comorbidity affects the cost of treatment and medical services in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 98 patients with AF. Comorbidity was evaluated using the CIRS-G scale (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics) and the Charlson criterion. The “cost of illness” calculations included direct costs only. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In elderly patients with AF (mean age 74.7±8.8 years), high rate of comorbidity was typically found. Charlson comorbidity index amounted to 4.0±1.8, and the CIRS-G score – to 8.0±2.8. AF is often associated with heart diseases such as hypertension – 98.9%, coronary heart disease – 27.6%, and congestive heart failure – 76.5%. A patient with AF received on average 7.5±3.8 medications. Direct costs amounted to 18298.2±9440.4 RUB per patient with AF per year. Of this amount, 78.8% were spent for outpatient treatment, 16.5% for hospitalization and 4.7% for ambulance service. Cardiac medications comprised 66.4% of the total direct costs. In patients with high comorbidity, there are high costs of treatment of concomitant diseases, high secondary costs as well as costs for a doctor visit. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. An average elderly patient with AF receives 7.5±3.8 permanent medications, which correlates with the severity of comorbidity by the Charlson index (r=0.59; p=0.000) and the CIRS-G score (r=0.29; p=0.004). Management of such patients at the outpatient clinic is by large (66.4%) associated with direct costs of the prescribed medications. However, patients with high comorbidity still need more vital drugs, as the cost of treatment of concomitant diseases increases. Notably, these patients spend 4 times more funds for drugs without proven efficacy.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель – провести анализ затрат на лекарства и медицинские услуги у пожилых больных с фибрилляцией предсердий (ФП) с учетом полиморбидности. </p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Ретроспективный анализ 98 амбулаторных карт пациентов с ФП. Уровень коморбидности оценивали с по мощью шкалы CIRS-G (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics) и критерия Чарлсона. В расчете «стоимости болезни» учитывали только прямые затраты. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У пожилых больных с ФП (средний возраст – 74,7±8,8 лет) выявлены высокие показатели коморбидности. Индекс коморбидности Чарлсона составил 4,0±1,8; CIRS-G – 8,0±2,8. Чаще ФП сопутствуют кардиологические заболевания: гипертоническая болезнь – у 98,9%, ишемическая болезнь сердца – у 27,6%, хроническая сердечная недостаточность – у 76,5% пациентов. Высокая полиморбидность объясняет частую полипрагмазию. На одного пациента в среднем приходилось 7,5±3,8 лекарственных средств (ЛС). При расчете прямых затрат оказалось, что на одного пациента с ФП тратится 18298,2±9440,4 руб. в год. При этом на амбулаторную помощь – 78,8%, на госпитализации – 16,5%, на вызовы скорой медицинской помощи – 4,7%. 66,4% всех прямых затрат составляют расходы на ЛС, в основном кардиологического профиля. С ростом коморбидности увеличиваются затраты на лечение сопутствующих заболеваний, второстепенные затраты и затраты на визиты к врачу. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пожилой больной с ФП одновременно получает 7,5±3,8 ЛС, что коррелирует с тяжестью коморбидности по индексу Чарлсона (r=0,59; p=0,000) и шкале CIRS-G (r=0,29; p=0,004). Большую часть прямых расходов на ведение пациента с ФП на амбулаторном этапе составляют траты на лекарственные препараты (66,4%). Вместе с тем с увеличением коморбидности жизненно-необходимых ЛС используется недостаточно, увеличиваются затраты на лечение сопутствующих заболеваний, в 4 раза – на второстепенные лекарства без доказанной эффективности.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиморбидность</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>«стоимость болезни»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>“cost of illness”</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Журавлев Ю.И., Тхорикова В.Н. Современные проблемы измерения полиморбидности. 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