<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909.2016.9.2.049-059</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-148</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>PHARMACO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COST IN TERMS OF MAINTENANCE OF PREFERENTIAL MEDICINES PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE ON THE TERRITORY OF KRASNOYARSK REGION</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фармакоэкономический анализ затрат на обеспечение льготными лекарственными препаратами больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких на территории Красноярского края</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайгольник</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaygolnik</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры внутренних болезней №2 с курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>post-graduate student, department of Internal Diseases N 2.,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tomapershina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой внутренних болезней №2 с курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professor &amp; head, department of Internal Diseases N 2,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demko64@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочанова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochanova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., доцент кафедры фармакологии с курсами клинической фармакологии, фармацевтической технологии и курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, associate professor, department of pharmacology with course of clinical pharmacology, pharmaceutical technology and course of post-graduate education,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bochanova@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крапошина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kraposhina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней №2 с курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant of the department of Internal Diseases N 2,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angelina-maria@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней №2 с курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant of the department of Internal Diseases N 2,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natagorday@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soloveva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м.н., ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней №2 с курсом ПО,</p><p>улица Партизана Железняка, д. 1, г. Красноярск, 1660022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, assistant, department of Internal Diseases N 2,</p><p>ul. Partizana Zheleznyaka, 1, Krasnoyarsk, 660022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solovieva.irina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБОУ ВПО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава РФ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Gaygolnik T.V., Demko I.V., Bochanova E.N., Kraposhina A.Y., Gordeeva N.V., Soloveva I.A., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гайгольник Т.В., Демко И.В., Бочанова Е.Н., Крапошина А.Ю., Гордеева Н.В., Соловьева И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaygolnik T.V., Demko I.V., Bochanova E.N., Kraposhina A.Y., Gordeeva N.V., Soloveva I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/148">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/148</self-uri><abstract><p>The purpose of this study was to conduct the analysis of the structure and the rationality of cost in particular of providing preferential medicines patients with сhronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Krasnoyarsk region.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The database of Ministry of Health of Krasnoyarsk region and Territorial fund of obligatory medical insurance of Krasnoyarsk region on the released preferential preparations to patients with the code J44 on the territory of Krasnoyarsk region for 2014 was used. For the diagnosis of rationality costs method of pharmaco-economic analysis — АВС/VEN analysis — was applied.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Most of the costs amounted to vital medicines (99.8%) of which the maximum share of costs associated with bronchodilators (73.9%) and a combination of DDBA and inhalation GCS (18.5%). In this research the most finances was spent on Tiotropium bromide (51%), Fenoterolum/Ipratropium bromide (18.7%) and Salmeterol/ Fluticasonum (11%). The nomenclature of International unlicensed name of the drugs which are released according to preferential prescriptions for 98.9% is bound to pathogenetic therapy of COPD and doesn't contradict to the modern recommendations on a pharmacotherapy of this pathology. Most of patients were provided with the following drugs of International unlicensed name: the combined preparation of Fenoterolum/ Ipratropium bromide (72.2%), a lond-acting cholinoblocker Tiotropium bromide (38.9%) and mucolytic preparation N- Acetylcysteinum (38.7%). To the category N is referred only 3 drugs of International unlicensed name the necessary of which is in doubt.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The ABC/ VEN analysis showed rational use of financial means on pharmacotherapy patients with COPD in Krasnoyarsk region. The list of drugs of International unlicensed name is consistent with the current recommendations for management of such patients.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Целью исследования было проведение анализа структуры и рациональности затрат на обеспечение льготными лекарственными препаратами больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) в Красноярском крае.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использовалась база данных Министерства здравоохранения Красноярского края и Территориального фонда обязательного медицинского страхования Красноярского края по отпущенным льготным препаратам пациентам с кодом МКБ J44 на территории Красноярского края за 2014 г. Для оценки рациональности затрат применялся метод фармакоэкономического исследования — АВС/VEN-анализ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Основную часть расходов составили жизненно важные препараты (99,8%), из которых максимальная доля затрат связана с бронходилататорами (73,9%) и комбинацией длительно действующих В2-агонистов (ДДБА) и ингаляционных глюкокортикостероидов (иГКС) (18,5%). В данном исследовании самыми финансовоемкими МНН оказались тиотропия бромид (51%), фенотерол/ипратропия бромид (18,7%) и салметерол/флутиказон (11%). Номенклатура МНН лекарств, отпущенных по льготным рецептам, на 98,9% связана с патогенетической терапией ХОБЛ и не противоречит современным рекомендациям по фармакотерапии данной патологии. Большинство пациентов были обеспечены следующими МНН: комбинированным препаратом фенотерол/ипратропия бромидом (72,2%), длительно действующим холиноблокатором тиотропия бромидом (38,9%) и муколитическим препаратом ацетилцистеином (38,7%). К категории N отнесены только три МНН препаратов, необходимость применения которых вызывает сомнения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведенный АВС/VEN-анализ показал рациональное расходование финансовых средств на фармакотерапию ХОБЛ в Красноярском крае. Перечень МНН отпущенных льготных лекарств согласуется с современными рекомендациями по ведению таких пациентов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких</kwd><kwd>ХОБЛ</kwd><kwd>финансовые затраты</kwd><kwd>обеспечение льготными лекарственными препаратами</kwd><kwd>АВС/VEN-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</kwd><kwd>COPD</kwd><kwd>ABC/VEN-analysis</kwd><kwd>the burden of disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воробьев П. А. Клинико-экономический анализ. М. 2008; 778 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vorob'ev P. A. Clinical economic analysis [Klinikoekonomicheskii analiz (in Russian)]. Moscow. 2008; 778 s.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гайгольник Т. В., Демко И. В., Бочанова Е. Н., Гордеева Н. В., Крапошина А. Ю., Соловьева И. А. Фармакоэкономическая оценка терапии обострения хронической обструктивной болезни легких в крупном стационаре Красноярска. Пульмонология. 2015; 3: 320-326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gajgol'nik T. V., D emko I. V., Bochanova E. N., Gordeeva N. V., Kraposhina A. Ju., Solov'eva I. A. Pul'monologija. 2015, 3: 320-326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глобальная инициатива по Хронической Обструктивной Болезни Легких. Глобальная стратегия диагностики, лечения и профилактики хронической обструктивной болезни легких, 2014. Перевод с английского. Режим доступа: http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report_Russian_2014.pdf . Дата обращения: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2014. URL: http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_2014.pdf. Accessed: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Доклад ВОЗ. Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ): Информационный бюллетень №315, 2015; Режим доступа: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs315/ru/. Дата обращения: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Report of World Health Organization. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Informacionnyj bjulleten' №315, — 2015g. URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs315/ru/. Accessed: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлов Р. С., Кречикова О. И., Сивая О. В., Кречикова О. И., Гудков И. В., Страчунский Л. С., Агапова Е. Д., Розанова С. М., Фурлетова Н. М., Гудкова Л. В., Гугуцидзе Е. Н., Егорова Р. Р., Ильина В. Н., Катосова Л. К., Манеров Ф. К., Марусина Н. Е., Мултых И. Г., Нехаева Г. И., Нуртдинова Н. М., Палютин Ш. Х., Смирнов И. В., Щетинин Е. В., Штурмина С. М., Ценева Г. Я., Дзюблик А. Я., Симонов С. С., Перцева Т. А. Антимикробная резистентность Streptococcus pneumoniae в России: результаты проспективного многоцентрового исследования (фаза А проекта ПеГАС I) Клиническая микробиология и антимикробная химиотерапия. 2002; 3 (4): 267-277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov R. S., Krechikova O. I., Sivaja O. V., Krechikova O. I., Gudkov I. V.; Strachunskij L. S., Agapova E. D., Rozanova S. M., Furletova N. M., Gudkova L. V., Gugucidze E. N., Egorova R. R., Il'ina V. N., Katosova L. K., Manerov F. K., Marusina N. E., Multyh I. G., Nehaeva G. I., Nurtdinova N. M., Paljutin Sh. H., Smirnov I. V., Shhetinin E. V., Shturmina S. M., Ceneva G. Ja., Dzjublik A. Ja., Simonov S. S., Perceva T. A. Klinicheskaja mikrobiologija i antimikrobnaja himioterapija. 2002, 3(4): 267-277.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крысанов И. С. Анализ стоимости хронической обструктивной болезни лёгких в Российской Федерации. Качественная клиническая практика. 2014; 2: 51-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krysanov I. S. Kachestvennaja klinicheskaja praktika. 2014; 2: 51-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чучалин А. Г., Айсанов З. Р., Авдеев С. Н., Белевский А. С., Лещенко И. В., Мещерякова Н. Н., Овчаренко С. И., Шмелев Е. И. Российское респираторное общество. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по диагностике и лечению хронической обструктивной болезни легких: методические рекомендации. Пульмонология. 2014; 3: 15-36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuchalin A. G., Ajsanov Z. R., Avdeev S. N., Belevskij A. S., Leshhenko I. V., Meshherjakova N. N., Ovcharenko S. I., Shmelev E. I. Pul'monologija. 2014; 3: 15-36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Artyukhov I. P., Arshukova I. L., Dobretsova E. A., Dugina T. A., Shulmin A. V., Demko I. V. Epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a population-based study in Krasnoyarsk region, Russia. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1781-1786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Artyukhov I. P., Arshukova I. L., Dobretsova E. A., Dugina T. A., Shulmin A. V., Demko I. V. Epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary dis ease: a population-based study in Krasnoyarsk region, Russia. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1781-1786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asche C. V., Leader S., Plauschinat C., Raparla S., Yan M., Ye X., Young D. Adherence to current guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among patients treated with combination of long-acting bronchodilators or inhaled corticosteroids. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1093-1102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Asche C. V., Leader S., Plauschinat C., Raparla S., Yan M., Ye X., Young D. Adherence to current guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among patients treated with combination of long-acting bronchodilators or inhaled corticosteroids. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1093-1102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barr R. G., Bourbeau J., Camargo C. A., Ram F. S. Tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Thorax. 2006; 61 (10): 854-862.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barr R. G., Bourbeau J., Camargo C. A., Ram F. S. Tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Thorax. 2006; 61 (10): 854-862.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bettoncelli G., Blasi .F, Brusasco V., Centanni S., Corrado A., De Benedetto F., De Michele F., U Di Maria G., F Donner C., Falcone F., Mereu C., Nardini S., Pasqua F., Polverino M., Rossi A., Sanguinetti C. M. The clinical and integrated management of COPD. An official document of AIMAR (Interdisciplinary Association for Research in Lung Disease), AIPO (Italian Association of Hospital Pulmonologists), SIMER (Italian Society of Respiratory Medicine), SIMG (Italian Society of General Medicine). Sarcoidosis Vasc. Diffuse Lung Dis. 2014; 31 (1): 3-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bettoncelli G., Blasi F., Brusasco V., Centanni S., Corrado A., De Benedetto F., De Michele F., U Di Maria G., F Donner C., Falcone F., Mereu C., Nardini S., Pasqua F., Polverino M., Rossi A., Sanguinetti C. M. The clinical and integrated management of COPD. An official document of AIMAR (Interdisciplinary Association for Research in Lung Disease), AIPO (Italian Association of Hospital Pulmonologists), SIMER (Italian Society of Respiratory Medicine), SIMG (Italian Society of General Medicine). Sarcoidosis Vasc. Diffuse Lung Dis. 2014; 31 (1): 3-21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chuchalin A. G., Khaltaev N., Antonov N. S., Galkin D. V., Manakov L. G., Antonini P., Murphy M., Solodovnikov A. G., Bousquet J., Pereira M. H. S., Demko I. V. Chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors in 12 regions of the Russian Federation. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9 (1): 963-974.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuchalin A. G., Khaltaev N., Antonov N. S., Galkin D. V., Manakov L. G., Antonini P., Murphy M., Solodovnikov A. G., Bousquet J., Pereira M. H. S., Demko I. V. Chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors in 12 regions of the Russian Federation. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2014; 9 (1): 963-974.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cosio М., Baraldo S, Saetta M. Inhaled Glucocorticoids and COPD Exacerbations. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372: 92-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cosio М., Baraldo S., Saetta M. Inhaled Glucocorticoids and COPD Exacerbations. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372: 92-94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hizawa N. LAMA/LABA vs ICS/LABA in the treatment of COPD in Japan based on the disease phenotypes. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1093-1102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hizawa N. LAMA/LABA vs ICS/LABA in the treatment of COPD in Japan based on the disease phenotypes. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2015; 10 (1): 1093-1102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kew K. M., Seniukovich A. Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; 3: CD010115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kew K. M., Seniukovich A. Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; 3: CD010115.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magnussen H., Disse B., Rodriguez-Roisin R., Kirsten A., Watz H., Tetzlaff K., Towse L., Finnigan H., Dahl R., Decramer M., Chanez P., Wouters E. F., Calverley P. M. Investigators.et al. Withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids and exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2014; 371: 1285-1294.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magnussen H., Disse B., Rodriguez-Roisin R., Kirsten A., Watz H., Tetzlaff K., Towse L., Finnigan H., Dahl R., Decramer M., Chanez P., Wouters E. F., Calverley P. M. Investigators.et al. Withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids and exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2014; 371: 1285-1294.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pascoe S., Locantore N., Dransfield M., Barnes N. C., Pavord I. D. Blood eosinophil counts, exacerbations, and response to the addition of inhaled fluticasone furoate to vilanterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomised controlled trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2015; 3: 435-442.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pascoe S., Locantore N., Dran sfield M., Barnes N. C., Pavord I. D. Blood eosinophil counts, exacerbations, and response to the addition of inhaled fluticasone furoate to vilanterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomised controlled trials. Lancet Respir Med. 2015; 3: 435-44 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Perera P. N., Armstrong E. P., Sherrill D. L., Skrepnek G. H. Acute Exacerbations of COPD in the United States: Inpatient Burden and Predictors of Costs and Mortality. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2012; 9 (2): 131-141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perera P. N., Armstrong E. P., Sherrill D. L., Skrepnek G. H. Acute Exacerbations of COPD in the United States: Inpatient Burden and Predictors of Costs and Mortality. Int. J. Chron. Obstruct. Pulmon. Dis. 2012; 9 (2): 131-141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poole P., Chong J., Cates C. J. Mucolytic agents versus placebo for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD001287. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001287.pub5. URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001287. pub5 Accessed: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poole P., Chong J., Cates C. J. Mucolytic agents versus placebo for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD001287. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001287.pub5. URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD001287.pub5 Accessed: 20.11.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skrepnek G. H., Skrepnek S. V. Epidemiology, clinical and economic burden, and natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Am. J. Manag. Care. 2004; 10 (5): 129-138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skrepnek G. H., Skrepnek S. V. Epidemiology, clinical and economic burden, and natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Am. J. Manag. Care. 2004; 10 (5): 129-138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tashkin D. P., Celli B., Senn S., Burkhart D., Kesten S., Menjoge S., Decramer M. A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 359: 1543-1554.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tashkin D. P., Celli B., Senn S., Burkhart D., Kesten S., Menjoge S., Decramer M. A 4-year trial of tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2008; 359: 1543-1554.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tse H. N., Raiteri L., Wong K. Y., Yee K. S., Ng L. Y., Wai K. Y., Loo C. K., Chan M. H. High-dose N-acetylcysteine in stable COPD: the 1-year, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled HIACE study. Chest. 2013; 144 (1): 106-118.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tse H. N., Raiteri L., Wong K. Y., Yee K. S., Ng L. Y., Wai K. Y., Loo C. K., Chan M. H. High-dose N-acetylcysteine in stable COPD: the 1-year, double-blind, randomized, pl acebo-controlled HIACE study. Chest. 2013; 144 (1): 106-118.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
