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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2025.308</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-1182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comparative estimation of the effectiveness of the Khorana, Vienna CATS, and TiC-Onco scores and the vWF/ADAMTS13 ratio in identifying a high risk of thrombotic complications in patients with malignant neoplasms</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение эффективности шкал Khorana, Vienna CATS, TiC-Onco и соотношения vWF/ADAMTS13 в выявлении высокого риска тромботических осложнений у больных злокачественными новообразованиями</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4509-9281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobеv</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Александр Викторович, к.м.н., доцент</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ID: F-8804-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57191966265</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Vorobev, PhD, Assoc. Prof.</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: ID: F-8804-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57191966265</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alvorobev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7456-2386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солопова Антонина Григорьевна, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: Q-1385-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6505479504</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina G. Solopova, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof.</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: Q-1385-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6505479504</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8404-1042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бицадзе</surname><given-names>В. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bitsadze</surname><given-names>V. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бицадзе Виктория Омаровна, д.м.н., проф., проф. РАН</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: F-8409-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6506003478</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria O. Bitsadze, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Prof. of RAS</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: F-8409-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6506003478</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8803-4990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baeva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баева Маргарита Максимовна</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita M. Baeva</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1163-4769</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соснягова</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnyagova</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соснягова Мария Евгеньевна</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria E. Sosnyagova</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6619-6179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкин</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkin</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галкин Всеволод Николаевич, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>Коломенский пр-д, д. 4, Москва 115446</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vsevolod N. Galkin, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof.</p><p>4 Kolomensky Dr., Moscow 115446</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-2073</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уткин Дмитрий Олегович, к.м.н.</p><p>Коломенский пр-д, д. 4, Москва 115446</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry O. Utkin, PhD </p><p>4 Kolomensky Dr., Moscow 115446</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7415-4633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макацария</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makatsariya</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макацария Александр Давидович, д.м.н., проф., акад. РАН</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: M-5660-2016</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57222220144 </p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, Москва 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander D. Makatsariya, Dr. Sci. Med., Prof., Member of RAS</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: M-5660-2016</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57222220144</p><p>8 bldg 2 Trubetskaya Str., Moscow 119048</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sechenov University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С.С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Yudin City Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Vorobеv A.V., Solopova A.G., Bitsadze V.O., Baeva M.M., Sosnyagova M.E., Galkin V.N., Utkin D.O., Makatsariya A.D., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев А.В., Солопова А.Г., Бицадзе В.О., Баева М.М., Соснягова М.Е., Галкин В.Н., Уткин Д.О., Макацария А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorobеv A.V., Solopova A.G., Bitsadze V.O., Baeva M.M., Sosnyagova M.E., Galkin V.N., Utkin D.O., Makatsariya A.D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/1182">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/1182</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Khorana, Vienna CATS, and TiC-Onco scores in assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system and mammary gland and to evaluate the prognostic role of the vWF/ADAMTS13 ratio in identifying groups with a high risk of thrombosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 108 female patients with confirmed malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system and mammary gland (stages I–III), who were assessed for VTE risk using the Khorana, Vienna CATS, and TiC-Onco scores. In all the patients, the levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) were measured followed by calculation of their ratio. According to the final points obtained by each score, the patients were classified into the subgroups of a high, medium, and low risk of thrombosis. Concurrently, the presence of earlier thrombosis was analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of the identified threshold values were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the Khorana score, 33 patients scored ≥3 points, of which 24 had thrombotic complications. The Vienna CATS score, due to the inclusion of the D-dimer level, demonstrated a slightly higher detection rate of true thrombogenic cases (54.2% instead of 50%); however, the performance of this score in differentiation between false positive and false negative cases was not always high. The TiC-Onco risk score, which includes genetic markers of thrombophilia, increased the proportion of high-risk detection in VTE patients (up to 64.6%), although increasing the proportion of false positive cases, i.e. patients without thrombosis who formally got high scores. The vWF/ADAMTS13 threshold ≥1.6 showed the highest specificity (only 8.3% of false positive cases) and detected 70.8% of truly thrombogenic episodes, which indicates a high sensitivity of this marker.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The Khorana, Vienna CATS, and TiC-Onco scores demonstrate moderate accuracy in predicting thrombosis in cancer patients, partly due to their inability to consider the individual characteristics of endothelial dysfunction and/or overestimation of the impact of “silent” genetic mutations. Inclusion of the vWF/ADAMTS13 ratio in the observation algorithm, particularly at a threshold value of ≥1.6, provides for a clearer VTE risk stratification, thus showing promise as a priority criterion when deciding on antithrombotic therapy in patients with malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system and mammary gland.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: сравнить диагностическую точность шкал риска венозной тромбоэмболии (ВТЭ) Khorana, Vienna CATS, TiC-Onco у пациенток со злокачественными новообразованиями (ЗНО) женской репродуктивной системы и молочной железы и оценить прогностическую роль соотношения vWF/ADAMTS13 в выявлении групп с высоким риском тромбозов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 108 женщин с подтвержденными ЗНО репродуктивной системы и молочной железы I–III стадий, которым оценивали риск ВТЭ по шкалам Khorana, Vienna CATS и TiC-Onco, а также измеряли уровни фактора фон Виллебранда (англ. von Willebrand factor, vWF) и фермента «дезинтегрин и металлопротеиназа с мотивом тромбоспондина 1-го типа, член 13» (англ. a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13, ADAMTS13) с последующим расчетом их соотношения. На основе значений итоговых баллов по каждой шкале пациентки были распределены по подгруппам высокого, среднего и низкого риска тромбозов. Параллельно анализировали факт наличия перенесенного тромбоза. Оценивали чувствительность и специфичность выявленных пороговых значений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По шкале Khorana ≥3 баллов набрали 33 пациентки, среди которых у 24 были тромботические осложнения. Шкала Vienna CATS благодаря включению уровня D-димера продемонстрировала несколько более высокую выявляемость истинно тромбогенных случаев (54,2% вместо 50%), однако не всегда позволяла четко дифференцировать ложноположительные и ложноотрицательные случаи. Модель TiC-Onco, включающая генетические маркеры тромбофилии, повысила долю выявления высокого риска у пациенток с ВТЭ до 64,6%, но при этом увеличила и процент ложноположительных случаев, т.е. больных без тромбозов, формально получавших высокие баллы. Использование порога vWF/ADAMTS13 ≥1,6 показало наиболее высокую специфичность (лишь 8,3% ложноположительных случаев) и позволило обнаружить 70,8% истинно тромбогенных эпизодов, что свидетельствует о высокой чувствительности данного показателя.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Шкалы Khorana, Vienna CATS и TiC-Onco обладают умеренной точностью в предсказании тромбозов у онкологических больных, что частично связано с тем, что они не учитывают индивидуальные особенности эндотелиальной дисфункции и/или переоценивают влияние «молчащих» генетических мутаций. Включение в алгоритм наблюдения оценки соотношения vWF/ADAMTS13, особенно при пороговом значении ≥1,6, дает более четкую стратификацию риска ВТЭ и может служить приоритетным критерием для решения вопроса о профилактике тромбозов у пациенток с ЗНО женской репродуктивной системы и молочной железы.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоз</kwd><kwd>тромботические осложнения</kwd><kwd>рак яичников</kwd><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>аденокарцинома шейки матки</kwd><kwd>шкала Khorana</kwd><kwd>шкала Vienna CATS</kwd><kwd>шкала TiC-Onco</kwd><kwd>фактор фон Виллебранда</kwd><kwd>ADAMTS13</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>стратификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thrombosis</kwd><kwd>thrombotic complications</kwd><kwd>ovarian cancer</kwd><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>cervical adenocarcinoma</kwd><kwd>Khorana score</kwd><kwd>Vienna CATS score</kwd><kwd>TiC-Onco score</kwd><kwd>von Willebrand factor</kwd><kwd>ADAMTS13</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>risk stratification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии финансовой поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The authors declare no funding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mahé I., Benarroch S., Djennaoui S., et al. 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