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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">farmaec</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2070-4909</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2070-4933</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2070-4909.2015.8.2.043-054</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">farmaec-104</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF RALTEGRAVIR BY PATIENTS WITHOUT EXPERIENCE OF TYPE 1 HIV INFECTION THERAPY IN RUSSIA</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка экономической эффективности применения ралтегравира у пациентов без опыта терапии ВИЧ-инфекции типа 1 в России</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эламин</surname><given-names>Элбаша</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elbasha</surname><given-names>Elamin H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., отдел оценки экономической эффективности методов лечения,</p><p>а/я 1000, Северный Уэльс, Пенсильвания, 19454</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, </p><p>P.O. Box 1000, North Wales, Pennsylvania, United States, 19454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elamin_elbasha@merck.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пядушкина</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyadushkina</surname><given-names>Elena Aleksandrovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник Лаборатории оценки технологий здравоохранения;</p><p>научный сотрудник, проспект Вернадского, д. 82 стр.1, Москва, Россия, 119571</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>research fellow of Laboratory for health technology assessment of Applied economic research;</p><p>research fellow, Vernadskogo prospect, 82-1, Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epyadushkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авксентьева</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avxentyeva</surname><given-names>Maria Vladimirovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник Лаборатории оценки технологий здравоохранения;</p><p>ведущий научный сотрудник Центра финансов здравоохранения;</p><p>профессор Высшей школы управления здравоохранением, проспект Вернадского, д. 82 стр.1, Москва, 119571</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PHD (doctor of medical sciences), leading research fellow of Laboratory for health technology assessment of Applied economic research;</p><p>leading research fellow of Centre for health finance of Research Financial institution of Ministry of Finance and professor of High school of healthcare management, Vernadskogo prospect, 82-1, Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avksent@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкушин</surname><given-names>Александр Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkushin</surname><given-names>Alexander Gennadievich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.ф.н., ведущий специалист,</p><p>ул. Павловская, д. 7, стр. 1, Москва, 115093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PHD (candidate of pharmaceutical sciences), leading specialist,</p><p>Pavlovskaya ulitsa, 7 build 1, Moscow, 115093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Alexander.tolkushin@merck.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролов</surname><given-names>Максим Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolov</surname><given-names>Maxim Yurievich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент курса ФУВ кафедры клинической фармакологии и интенсивной терапии,</p><p>пл. Павших борцов, д. 1, Волгоград,  400131</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PHD (candidate of medical sciences), assistant professor (FUV module) of Clinical pharmacology and intensive therapy department,</p><p>Pavshih borzov pl., 1, Volgograd, 400131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mufrolov66@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Исследовательской лаборатории Мерк<country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Health Economic Statistics of Merck Research Laboratories<country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладных экономических исследований Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ; Автономная некоммерческая организация «Национальный Центр по оценке технологий в здравоохранении»;&#13;
РАНХиГС, ИПЭИ, Лаборатория оценки технологий в здравоохранении<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Russian academy of national economy and public administration;&#13;
Autonomous Non-profit Organization “National Center for Health Technology Assessment”;&#13;
RANEPA IPEI, Laboratory for health technology assessment<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладных экономических исследований Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ;&#13;
Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт Министерства финансов РФ;&#13;
Первый московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова;&#13;
РАНХиГС, ИПЭИ, Лаборатория оценки технологий в здравоохранении<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Russian academy of national economy and public administration;&#13;
First Moscow state medical university named after I.M. Sechenov;&#13;
RANEPA IPEI, Laboratory for health technology assessment<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО “МСД фармасьютикалз”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">MSD Pharmaceuticals<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volgograd state medical university<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Elbasha E.H., Pyadushkina E.A., Avxentyeva M.V., Tolkushin A.G., Frolov M.Y., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эламин Э., Пядушкина Е.А., Авксентьева М.В., Толкушин А.Г., Фролов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Elbasha E.H., Pyadushkina E.A., Avxentyeva M.V., Tolkushin A.G., Frolov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/104">https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/104</self-uri><abstract><p>The purpose of the work performed was assessment of cost efficiency of Raltegravir within the schemes of antiretroviral therapy as compared to the schemes on the basis of drugs from the group of protease inhibitors with adult patients with Type 1 HIV infection (HIV-1) that have no experience of treatment.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In the Markov's model developed for assessment of long-term clinical and economic indicators of efficiency of Raltegravir with adult patients with HIV-1 that have no experience of antiretroviral therapy, pharmacoeconomic analysis of "costs and benefits" was performed in accordance with recommendations of the Panel on Cost-effectiveness in Health and Medicine and with consideration of requirements of specialized Russian manuals. Direct costs for application of the schemes compared were calculated on the basis of applicable norms of financing of the Russian Federation. Consumptions of health care resources and life standard indicators were determined on the basis of foreign studies regarding each of the 18 states of health provided with Markov's model and distinguished according to the number of CD4 cells and viral load.</p></sec><sec><title>Study results</title><p>Study results. It was demonstrated that Raltegravir within schemes of antiretroviral therapy of the first line, as compared to the schemes on the basis of drugs from the group of protease inhibitors with subsequent second line therapy on the basis of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (including Raltegravir in addition to the optimized treatment at the last stage), was a more cost efficient alternative as it had clinical benefits with affordable additional expenses. The increment cost efficiency rate (ICER) per a year of saved life with consideration of its quality comprised 1,097,078 rubles without exceeding the threshold of readiness to pay for a year of quality life equal to 3 GDP per capita.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Целью проведенной работы была оценка затратной эффективности ралтегравира в составе схем антиретровирусной терапии по сравнению со схемами на основе препаратов из группы ингибиторов протеазы у взрослых пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией типа 1 (ВИЧ-1), не имеющих опыта лечения.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В модели Маркова, разработанной для оценки долгосрочных клинических и экономических показателей эффективности ралтегравира у взрослых пациентов с ВИЧ-1, не имеющих опыта антиретровирусной терапии, был проведен фармакоэкономический анализ «затраты-полезность» в соответствии с рекомендациями Рабочей группы по оценке затратной эффективности в сфере здравоохранения и медицины (Panel on Cost-effectiveness in Health and Medicine) и с учетом требований российских специализированных руководств. На основании действующих нормативов финансирования РФ рассчитаны прямые затраты на применение сравниваемых схем. Потребление ресурсов здравоохранения и показатели качества жизни определялись на основании зарубежных исследований для каждого из 18 предусмотренных моделью Маркова состояний здоровья, выделенных по числу CD4 клеток и вирусной нагрузки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты исследования</title><p>Результаты исследования. Показано, что ралтегравир в составе схем антиретровирусной терапии первой линии по сравнению со схемами на основе ингибиторов протеазы с последующей терапией препаратами второй линии на основе ненуклеозидных ингибиторов обратной транскриптазы (включая ралтегравир в дополнение к оптимизированной терапии на последнем этапе) является более затратно-эффективной альтернативой, так как обладает клиническими преимуществами при приемлемых дополнительных затратах. Инкрементный показатель приращения эффективности затрат (ICER) на год сохраненной жизни с учетом ее качества составил 1 097 078 руб., не превышая порог готовности платить за год качественной жизни, равного 3 ВВП на душу населения.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Ралтегравир</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>фармакоэкономический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Raltegravir</kwd><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>pharmacoeconomic analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Всемирная организация здравоохранения [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://www.who.int/hiv/data/en/ (дата обращения: 10.04.2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization [Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya (in Russian)]. 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