References

farmaec

FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmacoepidemiology

ФАРМАКОЭКОНОМИКА. Современная фармакоэкономика и фармакоэпидемиология

2070-49092070-4933

IRBIS LLC

10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2024.250

farmaec-1015

Research Article

EVENTS

СОБЫТИЯ

Primary prevention of venous thromboembolism with low molecular weight heparins in surgical patients – 2024: Council of Experts resolution

Первичная профилактика венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений низкомолекулярными гепаринами у хирургических пациентов – 2024: резолюция Совета экспертов

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-3289

Петриков

А. С.

Petrikov

А. S.

Петриков Алексей Сергеевич – д.м.н., доцент, врач – сердечно-сосудистый хирург; член Исполнительного совета Ассоциации флебологов России

WоS ResearcherID: JXY-0009-2024

Scopus Author ID: 56771302600

ул. Малахова, д. 123, Барнаул 656006

ул. Большая Якиманка, д. 37, к. 17, Москва 117049

Aleksey S. Petrikov – Dr. Med. Sc., Associate Professor, Cardiovascular Surgeon; Member of Executive Board

WоS ResearcherID: JXY-0009-2024;

Scopus Author ID: 56771302600

123 Malakhov Str., Barnaul 656006

37 corp. 17 Bolshaya Yakimanka Str., Moscow 117049

petricov_alex@mail.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-3639

Вавилова

Т. В.

Vavilova

Т. V.

Вавилова Татьяна Владимировна – д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой лабораторной медицины с клиникой института медицинского образования

Scopus Author ID: 7004477312

ул. Аккуратова, д. 2, Санкт-Петербург 197341

Tatiana V. Vavilova – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Chair of Laboratory Medicine with the Clinic of the Institute of Medical Education

Scopus Author ID: 7004477312

2 Akkuratov Str., Saint Petersburg 197341

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-3740

Варданян

А. В.

Vardanyan

А. V.

Варданян Аршак Варданович – д.м.н., профессор кафедры хирургии

Scopus Author ID: 57215436271

ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, Москва 125993

Arshak V. Vardanyan – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chair of Surgery

Scopus Author ID: 57215436271

2/1 bldg 1 Barrikadnaya Str., Moscow 125993

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-7798

Замятин

М. Н.

Zamyatin

М. N.

Замятин Михаил Николаевич – д.м.н., профессор, врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог (главный специалист), заведующий кафедрой организации медицинской помощи в чрезвычайных ситуациях, директор Федерального центра медицины катастроф

WoS ResearcherID: V-2554-2017

Scopus Author ID: 57193140373

ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва 105203

Mikhail N. Zamyatin – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Anesthesiologist-Resuscitator (Chief Expert), Chief of Chair of Medical Care Organization in Emergency Situations, Director of Federal Center for Disaster Medicine

WoS ResearcherID: V-2554-2017

Scopus Author ID: 57193140373

70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-0471

Золотухин

И. А.

Zolotukhin

I. А.

Золотухин Игорь Анатольевич – д.м.н., профессор РАН, исполнительный секретарь Ассоциации флебологов России; профессор кафедры факультетской хирургии № 1; заведующий отделом фундаментальных и прикладных исследований в хирургии Научно-исследовательского института клинической хирургии

WoS ResearcherID: P-5001-2016

Scopus Author ID: 8312153900

ул. Большая Якиманка, д. 37, к. 17, Москва 117049

Ленинский пр-т, д. 8, Москва 119049

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 6, Москва 117513

Igor A. Zolotukhin – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor of RAS, Executive Secretary; Professor, Chair of Faculty Surgery No. 1; Head of Department of Basic and Applied Research in Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Surgery

WoS ResearcherID: P-5001-2016

Scopus Author ID: 8312153900

37 corp. 17 Bolshaya Yakimanka Str., Moscow 117049

8 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119049

1 bldg 6 Ostrovityanov Str., Moscow 117513

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5358-7218

Лобастов

К. В.

Lobastov

К. V.

Лобастов Кирилл Викторович – д.м.н., доцент кафедры общей хирургии лечебного факультета

WoS ResearcherID: Q-4095-2017;

Scopus Author ID: 55863188800

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 6, Москва 117513

Kirill V. Lobastov – Dr. Med. Sc., Associate Professor, Chair of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine

WoS ResearcherID: Q-4095-2017

Scopus Author ID: 55863188800

1 bldg 6 Ostrovityanov Str., Moscow 117513

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3015-9317

Ройтман

Е. В.

Roitman

Е. V.

Ройтман Евгений Витальевич – д.б.н., профессор кафедры онкологии, гематологии и лучевой терапии педиатрического факультета; ведущий научный сотрудник; президент Национальной ассоциации специалистов по тромбозам, клинической гемостазиологии и гемореологии

WoS ResearcherID: M-6541-2017;

Scopus Author ID: 7004167632

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 6, Москва 117513

Волоколамское ш., д. 80, Москва 125367

ул. Тверская, д. 25/9, Москва 125375

Eugene V. Roitman – Dr. Biol. Sc., Professor, Chair of Oncology, Hematology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Pediatrics; Leading Researcher; President

WoS ResearcherID: M-6541-2017

Scopus Author ID: 7004167632

1 bldg 6 Ostrovityanov Str., Moscow 117513

80 Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367

25/9 Tverskaya Str., Moscow 125375

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9726-4250

Селиверстов

Е. И.

Seliverstov

Е. I.

Селиверстов Евгений Игоревич – д.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской хирургии № 1; главный научный сотрудник отдела фундаментальных и прикладных исследований в сердечно-сосудистой хирургии Научно-исследовательского института клинической хирургии

Scopus Author ID: 24332884500

Ленинский пр-т, д. 8, Москва 119049

ул. Островитянова, д. 1, стр. 6, Москва 117513

Evgeny I. Seliverstov – Dr. Med. Sc., Associate Professor, Chair of Faculty Surgery No. 1; Chief Researcher, Department of Basic and Applied Research in Cardiovascular Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Surgery

Scopus Author ID: 24332884500

8 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119049

1 bldg 6 Ostrovityanov Str., Moscow 117513

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-8956

Стойко

Ю. М.

Stoyko

Yu. М.

Стойко Юрий Михайлович – д.м.н., профессор, почетный президент Ассоциации флебологов России; главный хирург

ул. Большая Якиманка, д. 37, к. 17, Москва 117049

ул. Нижняя Первомайская, д. 70, Москва 105203

Yuriy M. Stoyko – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Honorary President of Russian Phlebological Association; Chief Surgeon

37 corp. 17 Bolshaya Yakimanka Str., Moscow 117049

70 Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., Moscow 105203

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1292-5452

Сучков

И. А.

Suchkov

I. А.

Сучков Игорь Александрович – д.м.н., профессор, президент Ассоциации флебологов России; профессор кафедры сердечно-сосудистой, рентгенэндоваскулярной хирургии и лучевой диагностики, проректор по научной работе и инновационному развитию

WoS ResearcherID: M-1180-2016

Scopus Author ID: 56001271800

ул. Большая Якиманка, д. 37, к. 17, Москва 117049

ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9, Рязань 390026

Igor A. Suchkov – Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, President of Russian Phlebological Association; Professor, Chair of Cardiovascular, Endovascular Surgery and Radiation Diagnostics, Vice-Rector for Research and Innovative Development

WoS ResearcherID: M-1180-2016

Scopus Author ID: 56001271800

37 corp. 17 Bolshaya Yakimanka Str., Moscow 117049

9 Vysokovoltnaya Str., Ryazan 390026

Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Сибирский институт репродукции и генетики человека»; Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация флебологов России»РоссияSiberian Institute of Human Reproduction and Genetics; Russian Phlebological AssociationRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CenterRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional EducationRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPirogov National Medical and Surgical CenterRussian Federation

Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация флебологов России»; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Phlebological Association; Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation

Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научный центр неврологии»; Национальная ассоциация специалистов по тромбозам, клинической гемостазиологии и гемореологииРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Scientific Center of Neurology; National Association of Specialists in Thrombosis, Clinical Hemostasiology and HemorheologyRussian Federation

Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н.И. Пирогова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation

Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация флебологов России»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Phlebological Association; Pirogov National Medical and Surgical CenterRussian Federation

Общероссийская общественная организация «Ассоциация флебологов России»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Phlebological Association; Pavlov Ryazan State Medical UniversityRussian Federation

2024

21052024

172251278

2024

Петриков А.С., Вавилова Т.В., Варданян А.В., Замятин М.Н., Золотухин И.А., Лобастов К.В., Ройтман Е.В., Селиверстов Е.И., Стойко Ю.М., Сучков И.А.

Petrikov А.S., Vavilova Т.V., Vardanyan А.V., Zamyatin М.N., Zolotukhin I.А., Lobastov К.V., Roitman Е.V., Seliverstov Е.I., Stoyko Y.М., Suchkov I.А.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.pharmacoeconomics.ru/jour/article/view/1015

On March 15, 2024, in Moscow, the Russian Phlebological Association and the National Association of Specialists in Thrombosis, Clinical Hemostasiology and Hemorheology organized a meeting of the Council of Experts during the Russian Forum on Thrombosis and Hemostasis on the acute issues of venous thromboembolism (VTE) primary prevention using low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) in surgical patients with different body weight. The participants reviewed the relevance and prevalence of this problem in surgical practice, discussed risk factors and the frequency of VTE development, including bleeding in the postoperative period, and the Caprini risk score for complications. The discussion also focused on standard and personalized LMWH doses for primary prophylaxis of VTE in the perioperative period in surgical patients, depending on body weight, and the role of laboratory tests, including assessment of LMWH anti-Xa activity for monitoring the efficacy and safety of VTE primary prevention in clinical practice.

15 марта 2024 г. в Москве под эгидой общероссийской общественной организации «Ассоциация флебологов России» и Национальной ассоциации специалистов по тромбозам, клинической гемостазиологии и гемореологии на площадке Российского форума по тромбозу и гемостазу состоялось заседание Совета экспертов, посвященное актуальным вопросам первичной профилактики венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО) с помощью низкомолекулярных гепаринов (НМГ) у пациентов хирургического профиля с различной массой тела. Участники мероприятия рассмотрели актуальность и распространенность этой проблемы в хирургической практике, обсудили факторы риска и частоту развития ВТЭО, включая кровотечения в послеоперационном периоде, балльную оценку риска развития осложнений по Каприни. Также дискуссия касалась стандартных и персонифицированных доз НМГ для первичной профилактики ВТЭО в периоперационном периоде у хирургических пациентов в зависимости от массы тела, определения роли лабораторных тестов, в т.ч. оценки анти-Ха-активности НМГ для мониторинга эффективности и безопасности первичной профилактики ВТЭО в клинической практике.

венозные тромбоэмболические осложненияВТЭОшкала Капринипервичная профилактика венозных тромбозовнизкомолекулярные гепариныНМГанти-Xa-активностьмасса телаиндекс массы телаИМТэффективностьбезопасность

Venous thromboembolismVTECaprini scoreprimary prevention of venous thrombosislow molecular weight heparinsLMWHanti-Xa activitybody weightbody mass indexBMIefficacysafety

Мероприятие проведено при поддержке общероссийской общественной организации «Ассоциация флебологов России» и Национальной ассоциации специалистов по тромбозам, клинической гемостазиологии и гемореологии.

The event was held with the support of Russian Phlebological Association and National Association of Specialists in Thrombosis, Clinical Hemostasiology and Hemorheology.

References1

Бокерия Л.А., Затевахин И.И., Кириенко А.И. и др. Российские клинические рекомендации по диагностике, лечению и профилактике венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений (ВТЭО). Флебология. 2015; 9 (4-2): 1–52.

Bockeria L.A., Zatevakhin I.I., Kiriyenko A.I., et al. Russian clinical guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic complications (VTCs). Flebologiya / Journal of Venous Disorders. 2015; 9 (4-2): 1–52 (in Russ.).

Селиверстов Е.И., Лобастов К.В., Илюхин Е.А. и др. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение тромбоза глубоких вен. Рекомендации российских экспертов. Флебология. 2023; 17 (3): 152–296. https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202317031152.

Seliverstov E.I., Lobastov K.V., Ilyukhin E.A., et al. Prevention, diagnostics and treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Russian experts consensus. Flebologiya / Journal of Venous Disorders. 2023; 17 (3): 152–296 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202317031152.

Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust; European Venous Forum; North American Thrombosis Forum; International Union of Angiology; Union Internationale du Phlebologie. Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism: international consensus statement (guidelines according to scientific evidence). Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2013; 19 (2): 116–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029612474840.

Darzi A.J., Karam S.G., Charide R., et al. Prognostic factors for VTE and bleeding in hospitalized medical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood. 2020; 135 (20): 1788–810. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003603.

Anderson D.R., Morgano G.P., Bennett C., et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention of venous thromboembolism in surgical hospitalized patients. Blood Adv. 2019; 3 (23): 3898–944. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000975.

Schünemann H.J., Cushman M., Burnett A.E., et al. American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prophylaxis for hospitalized and nonhospitalized medical patients. Blood Adv. 2018; 2 (22): 3198–225. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022954.

Nicolaides A.N., Fareed J., Spyropoulos A.C., et al. Prevention and management of venous thromboembolism. International Consensus Statement. Guidelines according to scientific evidence. Int Angiol. 2024; 43 (1): 1–222. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0392-9590.23.05177-5.

Duranteau J., Taccone F.S., Verhamme P., Ageno W. European guidelines on perioperative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: intensive care. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018; 35 (2): 142–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0000000000000707.

Gee E. The National VTE Exemplar Centres Network response to implementation of updated NICE guidance: venous thromboembolism in over 16s: reducing the risk of hospital-acquired deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (NG89). Br J Haematol. 2019; 186 (5): 792–3. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16010.

Encke A., Haas S., Kopp I. Clinical practice guideline: the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2016; 113 (31–32): 532–8. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2016.0532.

Khan F., Rahman A., Carrier M., et al. Long term risk of symptomatic recurrent venous thromboembolism after discontinuation of anticoagulant treatment for first unprovoked venous thromboembolism event: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2019; 366: l4363. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4363.

Heit J.A., Ashrani A., Crusan D.J., et al. Reasons for the persistent incidence of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost. 2017; 117 (2): 390–400. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH16-07-0509.

Лебедев Н.Н., Бабицкий А.А., Шихметов А.Н. и др. Современные подходы и нерешенные вопросы профилактики венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений при хирургических вмешательствах. Вестник Национального медико-хирургического центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2023; 18 (1): 126–33. https://doi.org/10.25881/20728255_2023_18_1_126.

Lebedev N.N., Babitsky A.A., Shikhmetov A.N., et al. Modern approaches and unresolved issues of prevention of venous thromboembolic complications during surgical interventions. Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center. 2023; 18 (1): 126–33 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25881/20728255_2023_18_1_126.

Андрияшкин А.В., Кулиев С.А., Никишков А.С. и др. Профилактика венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений у больных с послеоперационными вентральными грыжами: результаты обсервационного поперечного исследования. Флебология. 2017; 11 (1): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo201711117-20.

Andriyashkin A.V., Kuliev S.A., Nikishkov A.S., et al. The prevention of venous thromboembolism in the patients with incisional hernias: the results of an observational cross-sectional study. Flebologiya / Journal of Venous Disorders. 2017; 11 (1): 17–20 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo201711117-20.

Ян С. Инцидентность венозных тромбозовв европейской популяции: роль хирургических вмешательств. Медицина неотложных состояний. 2017; 4: 24–9.

Yan S. The incidence of venous thrombosis in the European population: the role of surgical interventions. Meditsina neotlozhnyh sostoyaniy / Emergency Medicine. 2017; 4: 24–9 (in Russ.).

Костюченко М.В. Современные методы профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений в послеоперационном периоде. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (8): 102–7.

Kostyuchenko M.V. Modern methods for the prevention of thromboembolic complications in the postoperative period. Consilium Medicum. 2019; 21 (8): 102–7 (in Russ.).

Arshad N., Isaksen T., Hansen J.B., Brækkan S.K. Time trends in incidence rates of venous thromboembolism in a large cohort recruited from the general population. Eur J Epidemiol. 2017; 32 (4): 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-017-0238-y.

Heit J.A., O'Fallon W.M., Petterson T.M., et al. Relative impact of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2002; 162 (11): 1245–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.162.11.1245.

Gangireddy C., Rectenwald J.R., Upchurch G.R., et al. Risk factors and clinical impact of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism. J Vasc Surg. 2007; 45 (2): 335–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2006.10.034.

Wilson S., Chen X., Cronin M., et al. Thrombosis prophylaxis in surgical patients using the Caprini Risk Score. Curr Probl Surg. 2022; 59 (11): 101221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpsurg.2022.101221.

Meknas D., Brækkan S.K., Hansen J.B., Morelli V.M. Surgery as a trigger for incident venous thromboembolism: results from a population-based case-crossover study. TH Open. 2023; 7 (3): e244–50. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2159-9957.

Петриков А.С. Парнапарин натрия – современные возможности терапии и профилактики венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений. Хирургия. Журнал имени Н.И. Пирогова. 2020; 11: 115–26. https://doi.org/10.17116/hirurgia2020111115.

Petrikov A.S. Parnaparin sodium – modern therapy options and prevention of venous thromboembolic complications. Pirogov Russian Journal of Surgery. 2020; 11: 115–26 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/hirurgia2020111115.

Кузнецов М.Р., Марченко И.П., Федоров Е.Е. Профилактика венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений в хирургии. Амбулаторная хирургия. 2018; 1–2: 20–5. https://doi.org/10.21518/1995-14772018-1-2-20-25.

Kuznetsova M.R., Marchenko I.P., Fedorov E.E. Prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in surgery. Ambulatornaya khirurgiya / Ambulatory Surgery (Russia). 2018; 1–2: 20–5 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21518/1995-14772018-1-2-20-25.

Grimnes G., Isaksen T., Tichelaar Y.I.G.V., et al. Acute infection as a trigger for incident venous thromboembolism: results from a population-based case-crossover study. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2017; 2 (1): 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/rth2.12065.

Bjøri E., Johnsen H.S., Hansen J.B., Brækkan S.K. Hospitalization as a trigger for venous thromboembolism – results from a population-based case-crossover study. Thromb Res. 2019; 176: 115–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2019.02.024.

Heit J.A., Silverstein M.D., Mohr D.N., et al. Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: a population-based case-control study. Arch Intern Med. 2000; 160 (6): 809–15. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.6.809.

Salzman E.W., Hirsh J. Prevention of venous thromboembolism. In: Colman R.W., Hirsh J., Marder V.J. (Eds.) Hemostasis and thrombosis, basic principles and clinical practice. New York, NY: Lippincott; 1982: 986 pp.

Rogers S.O. Jr., Kilaru R.K., Hosokawa P., et al. Multivariable predictors of postoperative venous thromboembolic events after general and vascular surgery: results from the patient safety in surgery study. J Am Coll Surg. 2007; 204 (6): 1211–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.02.072.

Lobastov K., Urbanek T., Stepanov E., et al. The thresholds of Caprini score associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism across different specialties: a systematic review. Ann Surg. 2023; 277 (6): 929–37. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000005843.

Hanh B.M., Cuong L.Q., Son N.T., et al. Determination of risk factors for venous thromboembolism by an adapted Caprini scoring system in surgical patients. J Pers Med. 2019; 9 (3): 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm9030036.

Albayati M.A., Grover S.P., Saha P., et al. Postsurgical inflammation as a causative mechanism of venous thromboembolism. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2015; 41 (6): 615–20. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1556726.

Cofrancesco E., Cortellaro M., Leonardi P., et al. Markers of hemostatic system activation during thromboprophylaxis with recombinant hirudin in total hip replacement. Thromb Haemost. 1996; 75 (3): 407–11.

Arnesen H., Dahl O.E., Aspelin T., et al. Sustained prothrombotic profile after hip replacement surgery: the influence of prolonged prophylaxis with dalteparin. J Thromb Haemost. 2003; 1 (5): 971–5. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00111.x.

Samama C.M., Thiry D., Elalamy I., et al. Perioperative activation of hemostasis in vascular surgery patients. Anesthesiology. 2001; 94 (1): 74–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200101000-00015.

Лобастов К.В., Дементьева Г.И., Лаберко Л.А. Современные представления об этиологии и патогенезе венозного тромбоза: переосмысление триады Вирхова. Флебология. 2019; 13 (3): 227–35. https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo201913031227.

Lobastov K.V., Dementieva G.I., Laberko L.A. Current insights on the etiology and pathogenesis of venous thrombosis: Virchow’s triad revision. Flebologiya / Journal of Venous Disorders. 2019; 13 (3): 227–35 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo201913031227.

Лобастов К.В., Баринов В.Е., Счастливцев И.В., Лаберко Л.А. Шкала Caprini как инструмент для индивидуальной стратификации риска развития послеоперационных венозных тромбоэмболий в группе высокого риска. Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2014; 114 (12): 16–23.

Lobastov K.V., Barinov V.E., Schastlivtsev I.V., Laberko L.A. Caprini score as individual risk assessment model of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients with high surgical risk. Pirogov Russian Journal of Surgery. 2014; 114 (12): 16–23 (in Russ.).

Pandor A., Tonkins M., Goodacre S., et al. Risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in hospitalised adult patients: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2021; 11 (7): e045672. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045672.

Лобастов К.В., Ковальчук А.В., Барганжия А.Б. и др. Приверженность использованию шкалы Каприни среди отечественных специалистов: результаты электронного анкетирования. Хирург. 2022; 6: 54–66. https://doi.org/10.33920/med-15-2206-06.

Lobastov K.V., Kovalchuk A.V., Barganzhiya A.B., et al Adherence to the use of the Caprini score among Russian specialists: results of an electronic survey. Surgeon. 2022; 6: 54–66 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33920/med-15-2206-06.

Gould M.K., Garcia D.A., Wren S.M., et al. Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9 th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141 (2 Suppl.): e227S–77S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.11-2297.

Pannucci C.J., Dreszer G., Wachtman C.F., et al. Postoperative enoxaparin prevents symptomatic venous thromboembolism in high-risk plastic surgery patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011; 128 (5): 1093–103. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e31822b6817.

Obi A.T., Pannucci C.J., Nackashi A., et al. Validation of the Caprini venous thromboembolism risk assessment model in critically ill surgical patients. JAMA Surg. 2015; 150 (10): 941–8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2015.1841.

Yarlagadda B.B., Brook C.D., Stein D.J., Jalisi S. Venous thromboembolism in otolaryngology surgical inpatients receiving chemoprophylaxis. Head Neck. 2014; 36 (8): 1087–93. https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.23411.

Lobastov K., Barinov V., Schastlivtsev I., et al. Validation of the Caprini risk assessment model for venous thromboembolism in high-risk surgical patients in the background of standard prophylaxis. J Vasc Surgery. 2016; 4 (2): 153–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2015.09.004.

Серебрийский И.И. «Глобальные» и «локальные» тесты системы гемостаза в диагностике гиперкоагуляционного синдрома. Справочник заведующего клинико-диагностической лабораторией. 2012; 12: 27–34.

Serebriyskiy I.I. “Global” and “local” tests of hemostasis system in the diagnosis of hypercoagulation syndrome. Spravochnik zaveduyushchego kliniko-diagnosticheskoy laboratoriey / Guide for the Head of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory. 2012; 12: 27–34 (in Russ.).

Ярец Ю.И. Тромбоэластография: основные показатели, интерпретация результатов. URL: https://www.rcrm.by/upload/science/posob_doctor/2018-26.pdf (дата обращения 10.04.2024).

Yaretz Yu.I. Thromboelastography: main indicators, interpretation of results. Available at: https://www.rcrm.by/upload/science/posob_doctor/2018-26.pdf (in Russ.) (accessed 10.04.2024).

Шулутко А.М., Атауллаханов Ф.И., Баландина А.Н. и др. Применение теста тромбодинамики для оценки состояния системы гемостаза. М.: Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова; 2015: 72 с.

Shulutko A.M., Ataullakhanov F.I., Balandina A.N., et al. Application of thrombodynamics test to assess the state of hemostasis system. Мoscow: Sechenov University; 2015: 72 pp. (in Russ.).

Lobastov K., Dementieva G., Soshitova N., et al. Utilization of the Caprini score in conjunction with thrombodynamic testing reduces the number of unpredicted postoperative venous thromboembolism events in patients with colorectal cancer. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020; 8 (1): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2019.06.015.

Кательницкая О.В., Кит О.И., Гуськова Н.К. и др. Оценка функционального состояния свертывающенй системы в послеоперационном периоде у больных со злокачественными новообразованиями органов желудочно-кишечного тракта. Известия высших учебных заведений. Северо-Кавказский регион. Серия: Естественные науки. 2017; 4-2: 48–57.

Katelnitskaya O.V., Kit O.I., Guskova N.K., et al. Assessment of functional status of blood coagulation system in postoperative period in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Bulletin of Higher Educational Institutions. North Caucasus Region. Natural Sciences. 2017; 4-2: 48–57 (in Russ.).

Петриков А.С., Сучков И.А., Ройтман Е.В. и др. Первичная профилактика венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений умеренного и высокого риска у хирургических пациентов с грыжами передней брюшной стенки. Тромбоз, гемостаз и реология. 2024; 1: 57–70. https://doi.org/10.25555/THR.2024.1.1087.

Petrikov A.S., Suchkov I.A., Roitman E.V., et al. Primary prevention of moderate- and high-risk venous thromboembolism in surgical patients with anterior abdominal wall hernias. Tromboz, gemostaz i reologiya / Thrombosis, Hemostasis and Rheology. 2024; 1: 57–70 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.25555/THR.2024.1.1087.

Wall V., Fleming K.I., Tonna J.E., et al. Anti-factor Xa measurements in acute care surgery patients to examine enoxaparin dose. Am J Surg. 2018; 216 (2): 222–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.07.014.

Pannucci C.J., Fleming K.I., Bertolaccini C.B., et al. Assessment of anti-factor Xa levels of patients undergoing colorectal surgery given once-daily enoxaparin prophylaxis: a clinical study examining enoxaparin pharmacokinetics. JAMA Surg. 2019; 154 (8): 697–704. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.1165.

Pannucci C.J., Fleming K.I., Holoyda K., et al. Enoxaparin 40 mg per day is inadequate for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after thoracic surgical procedure. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018; 106 (2): 404–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.02.085.

Pannucci C.J., Rockwell W.B., Ghanem M., et al. Inadequate enoxaparin dosing predicts 90-day venous thromboembolism risk among plastic surgery inpatients: an examination of enoxaparin pharmacodynamics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017; 139 (4): 1009–20. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003159.

Khoursheed M., Al-Bader I., Al-Asfar F., et al. Therapeutic effect of low-molecular weight heparin and incidence of lower limb deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2013; 23 (6): 491–3. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLE.0b013e31828e3c92.

Rowan B.O., Kuhl D.A., Lee M.D., et al. Anti-Xa levels in bariatric surgery patients receiving prophylactic enoxaparin. Obes Surg. 2008; 18 (2): 162–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-007-9381-y.

Faraklas I., Ghanem M., Brown A., Cochran A. Evaluation of an enoxaparin dosing calculator using burn size and weight. J Burn Care Res. 2013; 34 (6): 621–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/BCR.0b013e3182a2a855.

Pannucci C.J., Fleming K.I., Bertolaccini C., et al. Optimal dosing of prophylactic enoxaparin after surgical procedures: results of the double-blind, randomized, controlled FIxed or Variable Enoxaparin (FIVE) Trial. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021; 147 (4): 947–58. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000007780.

Wu T., Xia X., Chen W., et al. The effect of anti-Xa monitoring on the safety and efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2020; 45 (4): 602–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpt.13169.

Verhoeff K., Raffael K., Connell M., et al. Relationship between anti-Xa level achieved with prophylactic low-molecular weight heparin and venous thromboembolism in trauma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2022; 93 (2): e61–70. https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0000000000003580.

Guyatt G.H., Akl E.A., Crowther M. Executive summary: anti-thrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141 (2 Suppl.): 7S–47S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.1412S3.

Guyatt G.H., Akl E.A., Crowther M. Executive summary: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141 (2 Suppl.): 7S–47S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.1412S3.

Hutt Centeno E., Militello M., Gomes M.P. Anti-Xa assays: what is their role today in antithrombotic therapy? Cleve Clin J Med. 2019; 86 (6): 417–25. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.86a.18029.

Kufel W.D., Seabury R.W., Darko W., et al. Clinical feasibility of monitoring enoxaparin anti-xa concentrations: are we getting it right? Hosp Pharm. 2017; 52 (3): 214–20. https://doi.org/10.1310/hpj5203-214.

Smythe M.A., Priziola J., Dobesh P.P., et al. Guidance for the practical management of the heparin anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2016; 41 (1): 165–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-015-1315-2.

Pezzuoli G., Neri Serneri G.G., Settembrini P., et al. Prophylaxis of fatal pulmonary embolism in general surgery using low-molecular weight heparin Cy 216: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized, controlled, clinical trial versus placebo (STEP). STEP-Study Group. Int Surg. 1989; 74 (4): 205–10.

Marassi A., Balzano G., Mari G., et al. Prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in cancer patients. A randomized trial with low molecular weight heparin (CY 216). Int Surg. 1993; 78 (2): 166–70.

Bergqvist D., Flordal P.A., Friberg B., et al. Thromboprophylaxis with a low molecular weight heparin (tinzaparin) in emergency abdominal surgery. A double-blind multicenter trial. Vasa. 1996; 25 (2): 156–60.

Kakkar V.V., Boeckl O., Boneu B., et al. Efficacy and safety of a low-molecular-weight heparin and standard unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis of postoperative venous thromboembolism: European multicenter trial. World J Surg. 1997; 21 (1): 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002689900185.

Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin for prevention of deep vein thrombosis in elective cancer surgery: a double-blind randomized multicentre trial with venographic assessment. ENOXACAN Study Group. Br J Surg. 1997; 84 (8): 1099–103.

Creperio G., Marabini M., Ciocia G., et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of Fragmin (Kabi 2165) versus calcium heparin in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis in general surgery. Minerva Chir. 1990; 45 (17): 1101–6 (in Italian).

Garcea D., Martuzzi F., Santelmo N., et al. Post-surgical deep vein thrombosis prevention: evaluation of the risk/benefit ratio of fractionated and unfractionated heparin. Curr Med Res Opin. 1992; 12 (9): 572–83. https://doi.org/10.1185/03007999209111524.

Gazzaniga G.M., Angelini G., Pastorino G., et al. Enoxaparin in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after major surgery: multicentric study. The Italian Study Group. Int Surg. 1993; 78 (3): 271–5.

Haas S. Low molecular weight heparins in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in nonsurgical patients. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1999; 25 (Suppl. 3): 101–5.

Hartl P., Brücke P., Dienstl E., Vinazzer H. Prophylaxis of thromboembolism in general surgery: comparison between standard heparin and fragmin. Thromb Res. 1990; 57 (4): 577–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-3848(90)90074-m.

Hoffmann R., Largiadèr F. Perioperative prevention of thromboembolism with standard heparin and low molecular weight heparin, evaluation of postoperative hemorrhage. A double-blind, prospective, randomized and mono-center study. Langenbecks Arch Chir. 1992; 377 (5): 258–61 (in German). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00189469.

Kakkar V.V., Cohen A.T., Edmonson R.A., et al. Low molecular weight versus standard heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after major abdominal surgery. The Thromboprophylaxis Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1993; 341 (8840): 259–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)92614-y.

Koppenhagen K., Tröster E., Matthes M., Häring R. Prevention of thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin as the only substance and/or with DHE: results of clinical studies. Langenbecks Arch Chir Suppl II Verh Dtsch Ges Chir. 1990; 1163–6 (in German).

Koppenhagen K., Adolf J., Matthes M., et al. Low molecular weight heparin and prevention of postoperative thrombosis in abdominal surgery. Thromb Haemost. 1992; 67 (6): 627–30.

McLeod R.S., Geerts W.H., Sniderman K.W., et al. Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the Canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial. Ann Surg. 2001; 233 (3): 438–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020.

Moreno Gonzalez E., Fontcuberta J., de la Llama F. Prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease with RO-11 (ROVI), during abdominal surgery. EMRO1 (Grupo Fstudio Multicintrico RO-11). Hepatogastroenterology. 1996; 43 (9): 744–7.

Nurmohamed M.T., Verhaeghe R., Haas S., et al. A comparative trial of a low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) versus standard heparin for the prophylaxis of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in general surgery. Am J Surg. 1995; 169 (6): 567–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9610(99)80222-0.

Wolf H., Encke A., Haas S., Welzel D. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of Sandoz low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin: interim analysis of a multicenter trial. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1991; 17 (4): 343–6. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002632.

Liezorovicz A., Picolet H., Peyrieux J.C., Boissel J.P. Prevention of perioperative deep vein thrombosis in general surgery: a multicentre double blind study comparing two doses of Logiparin and standard heparin. H.B.P.M. Research Group. Br J Surg. 1991; 78 (4): 412–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800780410.

Breddin H.K. Low molecular weight heparins in the prevention of deep-vein thrombosis in general surgery. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1999; 25 (Suppl. 3): 83–9.

Jørgensen L.N., Wille-Jørgensen P., Hauch O. Prophylaxis of postoperative thromboembolism with low molecular weight heparins. Br J Surg. 1993; 80 (6): 689–704. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800800607.

Koch A., Ziegler S., Breitschwerdt H., Victor N. Low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in thrombosis prophylaxis: meta-analysis based on original patient data. Thromb Res. 2001; 102 (4): 295–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00251-1.

Koch A., Bouges S., Ziegler S., et al. Low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in thrombosis prophylaxis after major surgical intervention: update of previous meta-analyses. Br J Surg. 1997; 84 (6): 750–9.

Leizorovicz A., Haugh M.C., Chapuis F.R., et al. Low molecular weight heparin in prevention of perioperative thrombosis. BMJ. 1992; 305 (6859): 913–20. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6859.913.

Mismetti P., Laporte S., Darmon J.Y., et al. Meta-analysis of low molecular weight heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in general surgery. Br J Surg. 2001; 88 (7): 913–30. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.01800.x.

Nurmohamed M.T., Rosendaal F.R., Büller H.R., et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin versus standard heparin in general and orthopaedic surgery: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 1992; 340 (8812): 152–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)93223-a.

Palmer A.J., Schramm W., Kirchhof B., Bergemann R. Low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin for prevention of thromboembolism in general surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Haemostasis. 1997; 27 (2): 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1159/000217436.

Wille-Jørgensen P., Rasmussen M.S., Andersen B.R., Borly L. Heparins and mechanical methods for thromboprophylaxis in colorectal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; 4: CD001217. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001217.

Warkentin T.E., Roberts R.S., Hirsh J., Kelton J.G. An improved definition of immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in postoperative orthopedic patients. Arch Intern Med. 2003; 163 (20): 2518–24. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.163.20.2518.

Warkentin T.E., Levine M.N., Hirsh J., et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332 (20): 1330–5. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199505183322003.

Шевченко Ю.Л., Лядов К.В., Стойко Ю.М. и др. Профилактика тромбоэмболических осложнений в многопрофильном хирургическом стационаре. Лечебное дело. 2005; 3: 3–15.

Shevchenko Y.L., Lyadov K.V., Stoiko Y.M., et al. Prevention of thromboembolic complications in a multidisciplinary surgical hospital. Lechebnoe delo. 2005; 3: 3–15 (in Russ.).

Шевченко Ю.Л., Лядов К.В., Стойко Ю.М. и др. Компьютерная программа “DecisionMatrix” в определении индивидуального риска тромбоэмболических осложнений у больных хирургического профиля. Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2004; 7: 38–41.

Shevchenko Yu.L., Lyadov K.V., Stoyko Y.M., et al. The “DecisionMatrix” computer program for determining the individual risk of thromboembolic complications in surgical patients. Pirogov Russian Journal of Surgery. 2004; 7: 38–41 (in Russ.).

Замятин М.Н., Стойко Ю.М., Петрова Н.В. Патофизиологические основы выбора антикоагулянтов для профилактики и лечения тромботических осложнений в многопрофильном стационаре. Клиническая патофизиология. 2017; 22 (1): 3–10.

Zamyatin M.N., Stoyko Yu.M., Petrova N.V. The pathophysiological basis of a choice of anticoagulants for prophylaxis and treatment of thrombotic complications in a multidisciplinary hospital. Klinicheskaya patofiziologiya / Clinical Pathophysiology. 2017; 22 (1): 3–10 (in Russ.).

Kalodiki E., Leong W. SASAT (South Asian Society on Atherosclerosis & Thrombosis) proposal for regulatory guidelines for generic low-molecular weight heparins (LMWHs). Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2009; 15 (1): 8–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029608329113.

Agnelli G., Bergqvist D., Cohen A.T., et al. Randomized clinical trial of postoperative fondaparinux versus perioperative dalteparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in high-risk abdominal surgery. Br J Surg. 2005; 92 (10): 1212–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.5154.

Collins R., Baigent C., Sandercock P., Peto R. Antiplatelet therapy for thromboprophylaxis: the need for careful consideration of the evidence from randomised trials. Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. BMJ. 1994; 309 (6963): 1215–7. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6963.1215.

100

Бицадзе В.О., Слуханчук Е.В., Хизроева Д.Х. и др. Антикоагулянтные, противовоспалительные, противовирусные и противоопухолевые свойства гепаринов. Акушерство, гинекология и репродукция. 2021; 15 (3): 295–312. https://doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.216.

Bitsadze V.O., Slukhanchuk E.V., Khizroeva J.Kh., et al. Anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antitumor properties of heparins. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction. 2021; 15 (3): 295–312 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.216.

101

Открытое рандомизированное перекрестное сравнительное исследование фармакодинамики (фармакодинамической эквивалентности), безопасности и переносимости препаратов Надропарин кальция, раствор для подкожного введения (ЗАО «ФармФирма «Сотекс», Россия) и Фраксипарин, раствор для подкожного введения (Аспен Фарма Трейдинг Лимитед, Ирландия) при однократном подкожном введении здоровым добровольцам. GRLS Base. Протокол № KI/1118-1. URL: https://grlsbase.ru/clinicaltrails/clintrail/480 (дата обращения 10.04.2024).

An open randomized cross-comparative study of pharmacodynamics (pharmacodynamic equivalence), safety and tolerability of Nadroparinum calcium preparations, solution for subcutaneous administration (Sotex Pharmaceutical Company CJSC, Russia), and Fraxiparine, a solution for subcutaneous administration (Aspen Pharma Trading Limited, Ireland) during single subcutaneous injection to healthy volunteers. GRLS Base. Protocol No. KI/1118-1. Available at: https://grlsbase.ru/clinicaltrails/clintrail/480 (in Russ.) (accessed 10.04.2024).

102

Macie C., Forbes L., Foster G.A., Douketis J.D. Dosing practices and risk factors for bleeding in patients receiving enoxaparin for the treatment of an acute coronary syndrome. Chest. 2004; 125 (5): 1616–21. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.125.5.1616.

103

Witt D.M., Nieuwlaat R., Clark N.P., et al. American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: optimal management of anticoagulation therapy. Blood Adv. 2018; 2 (22): 3257–91. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024893.

104

Spyropoulos A.C., Preblick R., Kwong W.J., et al. Is adherence to the American College of Chest Physicians recommended anticoagulation treatment duration associated with different outcomes among patients with venous thromboembolism? Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2017; 23 (6): 532–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076029616680475.

105

Фролов Д.В., Петров В.И., Суханова Г.А. и др. Первичная профилактика венозных тромбоэмболических осложнений: современное состояние проблемы. Флебология. 2022; 16 (2): 164–74. https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202216021164.

Frolov D.V., Petrov V.I., Sukhanova G.A., et al. Primary prevention of venous thromboembolism: current state. Flebologiya / Journal of Venous Disorders. 2022; 16 (2): 164–74 (in Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17116/flebo202216021164.

106

Инструкция по медицинскому применению лекарственного препарата Фраксипарин ® . Государственный реестр лекарственных средств. URL: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=47fefb31-a433-4f0a-a1c9-d82b3f3e4476 (дата обращения 10.04.2024).

Instructions for the medical use of the drug Fraxiparine ® . The State Register of Medicines. Available at: https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=47fefb31-a433-4f0a-a1c9-d82b3f3e4476 (in Russ.) (accessed 10.04.2024).

107

Parkin L., Sweetland S., Balkwill A., et al. Body mass index, surgery, and risk of venous thromboembolism in middle-aged women: a cohort study. Circulation. 2012; 125 (15): 1897–904. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.063354.

108

Pahlkotter M.K., Mohidul S., Moen M.R., et al. BMI and VTE risk in emergency general surgery, does size matter? An ACS-NSQIP database analysis. Am Surg. 2020; 86 (12): 1660–5. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003134820940272.

109

Rahmani J., Haghighian Roudsari A., Bawadi H., et al. Relationship between body mass index, risk of venous thromboembolism and pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies among four million participants. Thromb Res. 2020; 192: 64–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.014.

110

Venclauskas L., Maleckas A., Arcelus J. European guidelines on perioperative venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: surgery in the obese patient. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018; 35 (2): 147–53. https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0000000000000703.

111

Freeman A.L., Pendleton R.C., Rondina M.T. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in obesity. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2010; 8 (12): 1711–21. https://doi.org/10.1586/erc.10.160.

112

Shelkrot M., Miraka J., Perez M.E. Appropriate enoxaparin dose for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients with extreme obesity. Hosp Pharm. 2014; 49 (8): 740–7. https://doi.org/10.1310/hpj4908-740.

113

Liu J., Qiao X., Wu M., et al. Strategies involving low-molecular-weight heparin for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol. 2023; 14: 1084511. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1084511.

114

Simone E.P., Madan A.K., Tichansky D.S., et al. Comparison of two low molecular weight heparin dosing regimens for patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc. 2008; 22 (11): 2392–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-008-9997-6.

115

Freeman A., Horner T., Pendleton R.C., Rondina M.T. Prospective comparison of three enoxaparin dosing regimens to achieve target antifactor Xa levels in hospitalized, medically ill patients with extreme obesity. Am J Hematol. 2012; 87 (7): 740–3. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.23228.

116

Ludwig K.P., Simons H.J., Mone M., et al. Implementation of an enoxaparin protocol for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in obese surgical intensive care unit patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2011; 45 (11): 1356–62. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1Q313.

117

Chang C.K., Higgins R.M., Rein L., et al. Effectiveness of body mass index-based prophylactic enoxaparin dosing in bariatric surgery patients. J Surg Res. 2023; 287: 168–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2023.01.018.

118

Garcia D.A., Baglin T.P., Weitz J.I., et al. Parenteral anticoagulants: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9 th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012; 141 (2 Suppl.): e24S–43S. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.11-2291.

119

120

Стойко Ю.М., Замятин М.Н. Специфическая профилактика тромбоэмболических осложнений у пациентов с высоким и очень высоким риском. Трудный пациент. 2007; 5 (6–7): 35–8.

Stoyko Yu.M., Zamyatin M.N. Specific prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with high and very high risk. Trudnyy patsient. 2007; 5 (6–7): 35–8 (in Russ.).

121

Scurr J.H., Coleridge-Smith P.D., Hasty J.H. Deep venous thrombosis: a continuing problem. BMJ. 1988; 297 (6640): 28. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.297.6640.28.

122

Arcelus J.I., Caprini J.A., Traverso C.I. Venous thromboembolism after hospital discharge. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1993; 19 (Suppl. 1): 142–6.

123

Caron A., Depas N., Chazard E., et al. Risk of pulmonary embolism more than 6 weeks after surgery among cancer-free middle-aged patients. JAMA Surg. 2019; 154 (12): 1126–32. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2019.3742.

124

Arcelus J.I., Monreal M., Caprini J.A., et al. Clinical presentation and time-course of postoperative venous thromboembolism: results from the RIETE Registry. Thromb Haemost. 2008; 99 (3): 546–51. https://doi.org/10.1160/TH07-10-0611.

125

Bergqvist D., Lindblad B. A 30-year survey of pulmonary embolism verified at autopsy: an analysis of 1274 surgical patients. Br J Surg. 1985; 72 (2): 105–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800720211.

126

Agnelli G., Bolis G., Capussotti L., et al. A clinical outcome-based prospective study on venous thromboembolism after cancer surgery: the @RISTOS project. Ann Surg. 2006; 243 (1): 89–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000193959.44677.48.

127

Merkow R.P., Bilimoria K.Y., McCarter M.D., et al. Post-discharge venous thromboembolism after cancer surgery: extending the case for extended prophylaxis. Ann Surg. 2011; 254 (1): 131–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0b013e31821b98da.

128

Expósito-Ruiz M., Arcelus J.I., Caprini J.A., et al. Timing and characteristics of venous thromboembolism after noncancer surgery. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2021; 9 (4): 859–67.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.11.017.

129

Singh T., Lavikainen L.I., Halme A.L.E., et al. Timing of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after surgery: meta-analysis. Br J Surg. 2023; 110 (5): 553–61. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjs/znad035.

130

Egger B., Schmid S.W., Naef M., et al. Efficacy and safety of weight-adapted nadroparin calcium vs. heparin sodium in prevention of clinically evident thromboembolic complications in 1,190 general surgical patients. Dig Surg. 2000; 17 (6): 602–9. https://doi.org/10.1159/000051969.

131

Lausen I., Jensen R., Jorgensen L.N., et al. Incidence and prevention of deep venous thrombosis occurring late after general surgery: randomised controlled study of prolonged thromboprophylaxis. Eur J Surg. 1998; 164 (9): 657–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/110241598750005534.

132

Heit J.A., Melton L.J. 3 rd , Lohse C.M., et al. Incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients vs community residents. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001; 76 (11): 1102–10. https://doi.org/10.4065/76.11.1102.

133

Rasmussen M.S. Preventing thromboembolic complications in cancer patients after surgery: a role for prolonged thromboprophylaxis. Cancer Treat Rev. 2002; 28 (3): 141–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0305-7372(02)00043-9.

134

Bergqvist D., Agnelli G., Cohen A.T., et al. Duration of prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism with enoxaparin after surgery for cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346 (13): 975–80. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa012385.

135

Rasmussen M.S., Jorgensen L.N., Wille-Jørgensen P., et al. Prolonged prophylaxis with dalteparin to prevent late thromboembolic complications in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a multicenter randomized open-label study. J Thromb Haemost. 2006; 4 (11): 2384–90. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.02153.x.

136

Felder S., Rasmussen M.S., King R., et al. Prolonged thrombophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin for abdominal or pelvic surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019: 3 (3): CD004318. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004318.pub4.

137

Kakkar V.V., Balibrea J.L., Martínez-González J., Prandoni P. Extended prophylaxis with bemiparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after abdominal or pelvic surgery for cancer: the CANBESURE randomized study. J Thromb Haemost. 2010; 8 (6): 1223–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03892.x.

138

Kaatz S., Spyropoulos A.C. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after hospital discharge: transition to preventive care. Hosp Pract. 2011; 39 (3): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.3810/hp.2011.08.574.

139

Amin A.N., Lenhart G., Princic N., et al. Retrospective administrative database study of the time period of venous thromboembolism risk during and following hospitalization for major orthopedic or abdominal surgery in real-world US patients. Hosp Pract. 2011; 39 (2): 7–17. https://doi.org/10.3810/hp.2011.04.390.

140

Clayton J.K., Anderson J.A., McNicol G.P. Preoperative prediction of postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Br Med J. 1976; 2 (6041): 910–2. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.6041.910.

141

Knoll W., Fergusson N., Ivankovic V., et al. Extended thromboprophylaxis following major abdominal/pelvic cancer-related surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Thromb Res. 2021: 204: 114–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2021.06.010.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.